Kfuncs currently support specifying the KF_TRUSTED_ARGS flag to signal
to the verifier that it should enforce that a BPF program passes it a
"safe", trusted pointer. Currently, "safe" means that the pointer is
either PTR_TO_CTX, or is refcounted. There may be cases, however, where
the kernel passes a BPF program a safe / trusted pointer to an object
that the BPF program wishes to use as a kptr, but because the object
does not yet have a ref_obj_id from the perspective of the verifier, the
program would be unable to pass it to a KF_ACQUIRE | KF_TRUSTED_ARGS
kfunc.

The solution is to expand the set of pointers that are considered
trusted according to KF_TRUSTED_ARGS, so that programs can invoke kfuncs
with these pointers without getting rejected by the verifier.

There is already a PTR_UNTRUSTED flag that is set in some scenarios,
such as when a BPF program reads a kptr directly from a map
without performing a bpf_kptr_xchg() call. These pointers of course can
and should be rejected by the verifier. Unfortunately, however,
PTR_UNTRUSTED does not cover all the cases for safety that need to
be addressed to adequately protect kfuncs. Specifically, pointers
obtained by a BPF program "walking" a struct are _not_ considered
PTR_UNTRUSTED according to BPF. For example, say that we were to add a
kfunc called bpf_task_acquire(), with KF_ACQUIRE | KF_TRUSTED_ARGS, to
acquire a struct task_struct *. If we only used PTR_UNTRUSTED to signal
that a task was unsafe to pass to a kfunc, the verifier would mistakenly
allow the following unsafe BPF program to be loaded:

SEC("tp_btf/task_newtask")
int BPF_PROG(unsafe_acquire_task,
             struct task_struct *task,
             u64 clone_flags)
{
        struct task_struct *acquired, *nested;

        nested = task->last_wakee;

        /* Would not be rejected by the verifier. */
        acquired = bpf_task_acquire(nested);
        if (!acquired)
                return 0;

        bpf_task_release(acquired);
        return 0;
}

To address this, this patch defines a new type flag called PTR_TRUSTED
which tracks whether a PTR_TO_BTF_ID pointer is safe to pass to a
KF_TRUSTED_ARGS kfunc or a BPF helper function. PTR_TRUSTED pointers are
passed directly from the kernel as a tracepoint or struct_ops callback
argument. Any nested pointer that is obtained from walking a PTR_TRUSTED
pointer is no longer PTR_TRUSTED. From the example above, the struct
task_struct *task argument is PTR_TRUSTED, but the 'nested' pointer
obtained from 'task->last_wakee' is not PTR_TRUSTED.

A subsequent patch will add kfuncs for storing a task kfunc as a kptr,
and then another patch will add selftests to validate.

Signed-off-by: David Vernet <void@manifault.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20221120051004.3605026-3-void@manifault.com
Signed-off-by: Alexei Starovoitov <ast@kernel.org>

reg_type_str() in the verifier currently only allows a single register
type modifier to be present in the 'prefix' string which is eventually
stored in the env type_str_buf. This currently works fine because there
are no overlapping type modifiers, but once PTR_TRUSTED is added, that
will no longer be the case. This patch updates reg_type_str() to support
having multiple modifiers in the prefix string, and updates the size of
type_str_buf to be 128 bytes.

Signed-off-by: David Vernet <void@manifault.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20221120051004.3605026-2-void@manifault.com
Signed-off-by: Alexei Starovoitov <ast@kernel.org>

The latest version of grep (3.8+) claims the egrep is now obsolete so the
build now contains warnings that look like:

  egrep: warning: egrep is obsolescent; using grep -E

Fix this up by moving the related file to use "grep -E" instead.

Signed-off-by: Tiezhu Yang <yangtiezhu@loongson.cn>
Signed-off-by: Daniel Borkmann <daniel@iogearbox.net>
Acked-by: Jiri Olsa <jolsa@kernel.org>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/bpf/1668765001-12477-1-git-send-email-yangtiezhu@loongson.cn

Add documentation for BPF_MAP_TYPE_DEVMAP and BPF_MAP_TYPE_DEVMAP_HASH
including kernel version introduced, usage and examples.

Add documentation that describes XDP_REDIRECT.

Signed-off-by: Maryam Tahhan <mtahhan@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Daniel Borkmann <daniel@iogearbox.net>
Reviewed-by: Toke Høiland-Jørgensen <toke@redhat.com>
Acked-by: Yonghong Song <yhs@fb.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/bpf/20221115144921.165483-1-mtahhan@redhat.com

Coverity is reporting that btf_dump_name_dups() doesn't check return
result of hashmap__find() call. This is intentional, so make it explicit
with (void) cast.

Signed-off-by: Andrii Nakryiko <andrii@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Daniel Borkmann <daniel@iogearbox.net>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/bpf/20221117192824.4093553-1-andrii@kernel.org

Instead of adding the whole test to DENYLIST.s390x, which also has
success test cases that should be run, just skip over failure test
cases in case the JIT does not support kfuncs.

Signed-off-by: Kumar Kartikeya Dwivedi <memxor@gmail.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20221118185938.2139616-3-memxor@gmail.com
Signed-off-by: Alexei Starovoitov <ast@kernel.org>

Kumar Kartikeya Dwivedi says:

====================

This series introduces user defined BPF objects of a type in program
BTF. This allows BPF programs to allocate their own objects, build their
own object hierarchies, and use the basic building blocks provided by
BPF runtime to build their own data structures flexibly.

Then, we introduce the support for single ownership BPF linked lists,
which can be put inside BPF maps, or allocated objects, and hold such
allocated objects as elements. It works as an instrusive collection,
which is done to allow making allocated objects part of multiple data
structures at the same time in the future.

The eventual goal of this and future patches is to allow one to do some
limited form of kernel style programming in BPF C, and allow programmers
to build their own complex data structures flexibly out of basic
building blocks.

The key difference will be that such programs are verified to be safe,
preserve runtime integrity of the system, and are proven to be bug free
as far as the invariants of BPF specific APIs are concerned.

One immediate use case that will be using the entire infrastructure this
series is introducing will be managing percpu NMI safe linked lists
inside BPF programs.

The other use case this will serve in the near future will be linking
kernel structures like XDP frame and sk_buff directly into user data
structures (rbtree, pifomap, etc.) for packet queueing. This will follow
single ownership concept included in this series.

The user has complete control of the internal locking, and hence also
the batching of operations for each critical section.

The features are:
- Allocated objects.
- bpf_obj_new, bpf_obj_drop to allocate and free them.
- Single ownership BPF linked lists.
  - Support for them in BPF maps.
  - Support for them in allocated objects.
- Global spin locks.
- Spin locks inside allocated objects.

Some other notable things:
- Completely static verification of locking.
- Kfunc argument handling has been completely reworked.
- Argument rewriting support for kfuncs.
- A new bpf_experimental.h header as a dumping ground for these APIs.

Any functionality exposed in this series is NOT part of UAPI. It is only
available through use of kfuncs, and structs that can be added to map
value may also change their size or name in the future. Hence, every
feature in this series must be considered experimental.

Follow-ups:
-----------
 * Support for kptrs (local and kernel) in local storage and percpu maps + kptr tests
 * Fixes for helper access checks rebasing on top of this series

Next steps:
-----------
 * NMI safe percpu single ownership linked lists (using local_t protection).
 * Lockless linked lists.
 * Allow RCU protected BPF allocated objects. This then allows RCU
   protected list lookups, since spinlock protection for readers does
   not scale.
 * Introduce bpf_refcount for local kptrs, shared ownership.
 * Introduce shared ownership linked lists.
 * Documentation.

Changelog:
----------
 v9 -> v10
 v9: https://lore.kernel.org/bpf/20221117225510.1676785-1-memxor@gmail.com

  * Deduplicate code to find btf_record of reg (Alexei)
  * Add linked_list test to DENYLIST.aarch64 (Alexei)
  * Disable some linked list tests for now so that they compile with
    clang nightly (Alexei)

 v8 -> v9
 v8: https://lore.kernel.org/bpf/20221117162430.1213770-1-memxor@gmail.com

  * Fix up commit log of patch 2, Simplify patch 3
  * Explain the implicit requirement of bpf_list_head requiring map BTF
    to match in btf_record_equal in a separate patch.

 v7 -> v8
 v7: https://lore.kernel.org/bpf/20221114191547.1694267-1-memxor@gmail.com

  * Fix early return in map_check_btf (Dan Carpenter)
  * Fix two memory leak bugs in local storage maps, outer maps
  * Address comments from Alexei and Dave
   * More local kptr -> allocated object renaming
   * Use krealloc with NULL instead kmalloc + krealloc
   * Drop WARN_ON_ONCE for field_offs parsing
   * Combine kfunc add + remove patches into one
   * Drop STRONG suffix from KF_ARG_PTR_TO_KPTR
   * Rename is_kfunc_arg_ret_buf_size to is_kfunc_arg_scalar_with_name
   * Remove redundant check for reg->type and arg type in it
   * Drop void * ret type check
   * Remove code duplication in checks for NULL pointer with offset != 0
   * Fix two bpf_list_node typos
   * Improve log message for bpf_list_head operations
   * Improve comments for active_lock struct
   * Improve comments for Implementation details of process_spin_lock
  * Add Dave's acks

 v6 -> v7
 v6: https://lore.kernel.org/bpf/20221111193224.876706-1-memxor@gmail.com

  * Fix uninitialized variable warning (Dan Carpenter, Kernel Test Robot)
  * One more local_kptr renaming

 v5 -> v6
 v5: https://lore.kernel.org/bpf/20221107230950.7117-1-memxor@gmail.com

  * Replace (i && !off) check with next_off, include test (Andrii)
  * Drop local kptrs naming (Andrii, Alexei)
  * Drop reg->precise == EXACT patch (Andrii)
  * Add comment about ptr member of struct active_lock (Andrii)
  * Use btf__new_empty + btf__add_xxx APIs (Andrii)
  * Address other misc nits from Andrii

 v4 -> v5
 v4: https://lore.kernel.org/bpf/20221103191013.1236066-1-memxor@gmail.com

  * Add a lot more selftests (failure, success, runtime, BTF)
  * Make sure series is bisect friendly
  * Move list draining out of spin lock
    * This exposed an issue where bpf_mem_free can now be called in
      map_free path without migrate_disable, also fixed that.
  * Rename MEM_ALLOC -> MEM_RINGBUF, MEM_TYPE_LOCAL -> MEM_ALLOC (Alexei)
  * Group lock identity into a struct active_lock { ptr, id } (Dave)
  * Split set_release_on_unlock logic into separate patch (Alexei)

 v3 -> v4
 v3: https://lore.kernel.org/bpf/20221102202658.963008-1-memxor@gmail.com

  * Fix compiler error for !CONFIG_BPF_SYSCALL (Kernel Test Robot)
  * Fix error due to BUILD_BUG_ON on 32-bit platforms (Kernel Test Robot)

 v2 -> v3
 v2: https://lore.kernel.org/bpf/20221013062303.896469-1-memxor@gmail.com

  * Add ack from Dave for patch 5
  * Rename btf_type_fields -> btf_record, btf_type_fields_off ->
    btf_field_offs, rename functions similarly (Alexei)
  * Remove 'kind' component from contains declaration tag (Alexei)
  * Move bpf_list_head, bpf_list_node definitions to UAPI bpf.h (Alexei)
  * Add note in commit log about modifying btf_struct_access API (Dave)
  * Downgrade WARN_ON_ONCE to verbose(env, "...") and return -EFAULT (Dave)
  * Add type_is_local_kptr wrapper to avoid noisy checks (Dave)
  * Remove unused flags parameter from bpf_kptr_new (Alexei)
  * Rename bpf_kptr_new -> bpf_obj_new, bpf_kptr_drop -> bpf_obj_drop (Alexei)
  * Reword comment in ref_obj_id_set_release_on_unlock (Dave)
  * Fix return type of ref_obj_id_set_release_on_unlock (Dave)
  * Introduce is_bpf_list_api_kfunc to dedup checks (Dave)
  * Disallow BPF_WRITE to untrusted local kptrs
  * Add details about soundness of check_reg_allocation_locked logic
  * List untrusted local kptrs for PROBE_MEM handling

 v1 -> v2
 v1: https://lore.kernel.org/bpf/20221011012240.3149-1-memxor@gmail.com

  * Rebase on bpf-next to resolve merge conflict in DENYLIST.s390x
  * Fix a couple of mental lapses in bpf_list_head_free

 RFC v1 -> v1
 RFC v1: https://lore.kernel.org/bpf/20220904204145.3089-1-memxor@gmail.com

  * Mostly a complete rewrite of BTF parsing, refactor existing code (Kartikeya)
  * Rebase kfunc rewrite for bpf-next, add support for more changes
  * Cache type metadata in BTF to avoid recomputation inside verifier (Kartikeya)
  * Remove __kernel tag, make things similar to map values, reserve bpf_ prefix
  * bpf_kptr_new, bpf_kptr_drop
  * Rename precision state enum values (Alexei)
  * Drop explicit constructor/destructor support (Alexei)
  * Rewrite code for constructing/destructing objects and offload to runtime
  * Minimize duplication in bpf_map_value_off_desc handling (Alexei)
  * Expose global memory allocator (Alexei)
  * Address other nits from Alexei
  * Split out local kptrs in maps, more kptrs in maps support into a follow up

Links:
------
 * Dave's BPF RB-Tree RFC series
   v1 (Discussion thread)
     https://lore.kernel.org/bpf/20220722183438.3319790-1-davemarchevsky@fb.com
   v2 (With support for static locks)
     https://lore.kernel.org/bpf/20220830172759.4069786-1-davemarchevsky@fb.com
 * BPF Linked Lists Discussion
   https://lore.kernel.org/bpf/CAP01T74U30+yeBHEgmgzTJ-XYxZ0zj71kqCDJtTH9YQNfTK+Xw@mail.gmail.com
 * BPF Memory Allocator from Alexei
   https://lore.kernel.org/bpf/20220902211058.60789-1-alexei.starovoitov@gmail.com
 * BPF Memory Allocator UAPI Discussion
   https://lore.kernel.org/bpf/d3f76b27f4e55ec9e400ae8dcaecbb702a4932e8.camel@fb.com
====================

Signed-off-by: Alexei Starovoitov <ast@kernel.org>

The latest clang nightly as of writing crashes with the given test case
for BPF linked lists wherever global glock, ghead, glock2 are used,
hence comment out the parts that cause the crash, and prepare this commit
so that it can be reverted when the fix has been made. More context in [0].

 [0]: https://lore.kernel.org/bpf/d56223f9-483e-fbc1-4564-44c0858a1e3e@meta.com

Signed-off-by: Kumar Kartikeya Dwivedi <memxor@gmail.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20221118015614.2013203-25-memxor@gmail.com
Signed-off-by: Alexei Starovoitov <ast@kernel.org>

Preparing the metadata for bpf_list_head involves a complicated parsing
step and type resolution for the contained value. Ensure that corner
cases are tested against and invalid specifications in source are duly
rejected. Also include tests for incorrect ownership relationships in
the BTF.

Signed-off-by: Kumar Kartikeya Dwivedi <memxor@gmail.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20221118015614.2013203-24-memxor@gmail.com
Signed-off-by: Alexei Starovoitov <ast@kernel.org>

Include various tests covering the success and failure cases. Also, run
the success cases at runtime to verify correctness of linked list
manipulation routines, in addition to ensuring successful verification.

Signed-off-by: Kumar Kartikeya Dwivedi <memxor@gmail.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20221118015614.2013203-23-memxor@gmail.com
Signed-off-by: Alexei Starovoitov <ast@kernel.org>

First, ensure that whenever a bpf_spin_lock is present in an allocation,
the reg->id is preserved. This won't be true for global variables
however, since they have a single map value per map, hence the verifier
harcodes it to 0 (so that multiple pseudo ldimm64 insns can yield the
same lock object per map at a given offset).

Next, add test cases for all possible combinations (kptr, global, map
value, inner map value). Since we lifted restriction on locking in inner
maps, also add test cases for them. Currently, each lookup into an inner
map gets a fresh reg->id, so even if the reg->map_ptr is same, they will
be treated as separate allocations and the incorrect unlock pairing will
be rejected.

Signed-off-by: Kumar Kartikeya Dwivedi <memxor@gmail.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20221118015614.2013203-22-memxor@gmail.com
Signed-off-by: Alexei Starovoitov <ast@kernel.org>

Make updates in preparation for adding more test cases to this selftest:
- Convert from CHECK_ to ASSERT macros.
- Use BPF skeleton
- Fix typo sping -> spin
- Rename spinlock.c -> spin_lock.c

Signed-off-by: Kumar Kartikeya Dwivedi <memxor@gmail.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20221118015614.2013203-21-memxor@gmail.com
Signed-off-by: Alexei Starovoitov <ast@kernel.org>

Add user facing __contains macro which provides a convenient wrapper
over the verbose kernel specific BTF declaration tag required to
annotate BPF list head structs in user types.

Acked-by: Dave Marchevsky <davemarchevsky@fb.com>
Signed-off-by: Kumar Kartikeya Dwivedi <memxor@gmail.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20221118015614.2013203-20-memxor@gmail.com
Signed-off-by: Alexei Starovoitov <ast@kernel.org>

The old behavior of bpf_map_meta_equal was that it compared timer_off
to be equal (but not spin_lock_off, because that was not allowed), and
did memcmp of kptr_off_tab.

Now, we memcmp the btf_record of two bpf_map structs, which has all
fields.

We preserve backwards compat as we kzalloc the array, so if only spin
lock and timer exist in map, we only compare offset while the rest of
unused members in the btf_field struct are zeroed out.

In case of kptr, btf and everything else is of vmlinux or module, so as
long type is same it will match, since kernel btf, module, dtor pointer
will be same across maps.

Now with list_head in the mix, things are a bit complicated. We
implicitly add a requirement that both BTFs are same, because struct
btf_field_list_head has btf and value_rec members.

We obviously shouldn't force BTFs to be equal by default, as that breaks
backwards compatibility.

Currently it is only implicitly required due to list_head matching
struct btf and value_rec member. value_rec points back into a btf_record
stashed in the map BTF (btf member of btf_field_list_head). So that
pointer and btf member has to match exactly.

Document all these subtle details so that things don't break in the
future when touching this code.

Signed-off-by: Kumar Kartikeya Dwivedi <memxor@gmail.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20221118015614.2013203-19-memxor@gmail.com
Signed-off-by: Alexei Starovoitov <ast@kernel.org>

This commit implements the delayed release logic for bpf_list_push_front
and bpf_list_push_back.

Once a node has been added to the list, it's pointer changes to
PTR_UNTRUSTED. However, it is only released once the lock protecting the
list is unlocked. For such PTR_TO_BTF_ID | MEM_ALLOC with PTR_UNTRUSTED
set but an active ref_obj_id, it is still permitted to read them as long
as the lock is held. Writing to them is not allowed.

This allows having read access to push items we no longer own until we
release the lock guarding the list, allowing a little more flexibility
when working with these APIs.

Note that enabling write support has fairly tricky interactions with
what happens inside the critical section. Just as an example, currently,
bpf_obj_drop is not permitted, but if it were, being able to write to
the PTR_UNTRUSTED pointer while the object gets released back to the
memory allocator would violate safety properties we wish to guarantee
(i.e. not crashing the kernel). The memory could be reused for a
different type in the BPF program or even in the kernel as it gets
eventually kfree'd.

Not enabling bpf_obj_drop inside the critical section would appear to
prevent all of the above, but that is more of an artifical limitation
right now. Since the write support is tangled with how we handle
potential aliasing of nodes inside the critical section that may or may
not be part of the list anymore, it has been deferred to a future patch.

Acked-by: Dave Marchevsky <davemarchevsky@fb.com>
Signed-off-by: Kumar Kartikeya Dwivedi <memxor@gmail.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20221118015614.2013203-18-memxor@gmail.com
Signed-off-by: Alexei Starovoitov <ast@kernel.org>

Add a linked list API for use in BPF programs, where it expects
protection from the bpf_spin_lock in the same allocation as the
bpf_list_head. For now, only one bpf_spin_lock can be present hence that
is assumed to be the one protecting the bpf_list_head.

The following functions are added to kick things off:

// Add node to beginning of list
void bpf_list_push_front(struct bpf_list_head *head, struct bpf_list_node *node);

// Add node to end of list
void bpf_list_push_back(struct bpf_list_head *head, struct bpf_list_node *node);

// Remove node at beginning of list and return it
struct bpf_list_node *bpf_list_pop_front(struct bpf_list_head *head);

// Remove node at end of list and return it
struct bpf_list_node *bpf_list_pop_back(struct bpf_list_head *head);

The lock protecting the bpf_list_head needs to be taken for all
operations. The verifier ensures that the lock that needs to be taken is
always held, and only the correct lock is taken for these operations.
These checks are made statically by relying on the reg->id preserved for
registers pointing into regions having both bpf_spin_lock and the
objects protected by it. The comment over check_reg_allocation_locked in
this change describes the logic in detail.

Note that bpf_list_push_front and bpf_list_push_back are meant to
consume the object containing the node in the 1st argument, however that
specific mechanism is intended to not release the ref_obj_id directly
until the bpf_spin_unlock is called. In this commit, nothing is done,
but the next commit will be introducing logic to handle this case, so it
has been left as is for now.

bpf_list_pop_front and bpf_list_pop_back delete the first or last item
of the list respectively, and return pointer to the element at the
list_node offset. The user can then use container_of style macro to get
the actual entry type. The verifier however statically knows the actual
type, so the safety properties are still preserved.

With these additions, programs can now manage their own linked lists and
store their objects in them.

Signed-off-by: Kumar Kartikeya Dwivedi <memxor@gmail.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20221118015614.2013203-17-memxor@gmail.com
Signed-off-by: Alexei Starovoitov <ast@kernel.org>

Pointer increment on seeing PTR_MAYBE_NULL is already protected against,
hence make an exception for PTR_TO_BTF_ID | MEM_ALLOC while still
keeping the warning for other unintended cases that might creep in.

bpf_list_pop_{front,_back} helpers planned to be introduced in next
commit will return a MEM_ALLOC register with incremented offset pointing
to bpf_list_node field. The user is supposed to then obtain the pointer
to the entry using container_of after NULL checking it. The current
restrictions trigger a warning when doing the NULL checking. Revisiting
the reason, it is meant as an assertion which seems to actually work and
catch the bad case.

Hence, under no other circumstances can reg->off be non-zero for a
register that has the PTR_MAYBE_NULL type flag set.

Signed-off-by: Kumar Kartikeya Dwivedi <memxor@gmail.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20221118015614.2013203-16-memxor@gmail.com
Signed-off-by: Alexei Starovoitov <ast@kernel.org>

Introduce bpf_obj_drop, which is the kfunc used to free allocated
objects (allocated using bpf_obj_new). Pairing with bpf_obj_new, it
implicitly destructs the fields part of object automatically without
user intervention.

Just like the previous patch, btf_struct_meta that is needed to free up
the special fields is passed as a hidden argument to the kfunc.

For the user, a convenience macro hides over the kernel side kfunc which
is named bpf_obj_drop_impl.

Continuing the previous example:

void prog(void) {
	struct foo *f;

	f = bpf_obj_new(typeof(*f));
	if (!f)
		return;
	bpf_obj_drop(f);
}

Signed-off-by: Kumar Kartikeya Dwivedi <memxor@gmail.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20221118015614.2013203-15-memxor@gmail.com
Signed-off-by: Alexei Starovoitov <ast@kernel.org>

Introduce type safe memory allocator bpf_obj_new for BPF programs. The
kernel side kfunc is named bpf_obj_new_impl, as passing hidden arguments
to kfuncs still requires having them in prototype, unlike BPF helpers
which always take 5 arguments and have them checked using bpf_func_proto
in verifier, ignoring unset argument types.

Introduce __ign suffix to ignore a specific kfunc argument during type
checks, then use this to introduce support for passing type metadata to
the bpf_obj_new_impl kfunc.

The user passes BTF ID of the type it wants to allocates in program BTF,
the verifier then rewrites the first argument as the size of this type,
after performing some sanity checks (to ensure it exists and it is a
struct type).

The second argument is also fixed up and passed by the verifier. This is
the btf_struct_meta for the type being allocated. It would be needed
mostly for the offset array which is required for zero initializing
special fields while leaving the rest of storage in unitialized state.

It would also be needed in the next patch to perform proper destruction
of the object's special fields.

Under the hood, bpf_obj_new will call bpf_mem_alloc and bpf_mem_free,
using the any context BPF memory allocator introduced recently. To this
end, a global instance of the BPF memory allocator is initialized on
boot to be used for this purpose. This 'bpf_global_ma' serves all
allocations for bpf_obj_new. In the future, bpf_obj_new variants will
allow specifying a custom allocator.

Note that now that bpf_obj_new can be used to allocate objects that can
be linked to BPF linked list (when future linked list helpers are
available), we need to also free the elements using bpf_mem_free.
However, since the draining of elements is done outside the
bpf_spin_lock, we need to do migrate_disable around the call since
bpf_list_head_free can be called from map free path where migration is
enabled. Otherwise, when called from BPF programs migration is already
disabled.

A convenience macro is included in the bpf_experimental.h header to hide
over the ugly details of the implementation, leading to user code
looking similar to a language level extension which allocates and
constructs fields of a user type.

struct bar {
	struct bpf_list_node node;
};

struct foo {
	struct bpf_spin_lock lock;
	struct bpf_list_head head __contains(bar, node);
};

void prog(void) {
	struct foo *f;

	f = bpf_obj_new(typeof(*f));
	if (!f)
		return;
	...
}

A key piece of this story is still missing, i.e. the free function,
which will come in the next patch.

Signed-off-by: Kumar Kartikeya Dwivedi <memxor@gmail.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20221118015614.2013203-14-memxor@gmail.com
Signed-off-by: Alexei Starovoitov <ast@kernel.org>

Allow passing known constant scalars as arguments to kfuncs that do not
represent a size parameter. We use mark_chain_precision for the constant
scalar argument to mark it precise. This makes the search pruning
optimization of verifier more conservative for such kfunc calls, and
each non-distinct argument is considered unequivalent.

We will use this support to then expose a bpf_obj_new function where it
takes the local type ID of a type in program BTF, and returns a
PTR_TO_BTF_ID | MEM_ALLOC to the local type, and allows programs to
allocate their own objects.

Each type ID resolves to a distinct type with a possibly distinct size,
hence the type ID constant matters in terms of program safety and its
precision needs to be checked between old and cur states inside regsafe.
The use of mark_chain_precision enables this.

Signed-off-by: Kumar Kartikeya Dwivedi <memxor@gmail.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20221118015614.2013203-13-memxor@gmail.com
Signed-off-by: Alexei Starovoitov <ast@kernel.org>

As we continue to add more features, argument types, kfunc flags, and
different extensions to kfuncs, the code to verify the correctness of
the kfunc prototype wrt the passed in registers has become ad-hoc and
ugly to read. To make life easier, and make a very clear split between
different stages of argument processing, move all the code into
verifier.c and refactor into easier to read helpers and functions.

This also makes sharing code within the verifier easier with kfunc
argument processing. This will be more and more useful in later patches
as we are now moving to implement very core BPF helpers as kfuncs, to
keep them experimental before baking into UAPI.

Remove all kfunc related bits now from btf_check_func_arg_match, as
users have been converted away to refactored kfunc argument handling.

Signed-off-by: Kumar Kartikeya Dwivedi <memxor@gmail.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20221118015614.2013203-12-memxor@gmail.com
Signed-off-by: Alexei Starovoitov <ast@kernel.org>

There is no need to restrict users from locking bpf_spin_lock in map
values of inner maps. Each inner map lookup gets a unique reg->id
assigned to the returned PTR_TO_MAP_VALUE which will be preserved after
the NULL check. Distinct lookups into different inner map get unique
IDs, and distinct lookups into same inner map also get unique IDs.

Hence, lift the restriction by removing the check return -ENOTSUPP in
map_in_map.c. Later commits will add comprehensive test cases to ensure
that invalid cases are rejected.

Signed-off-by: Kumar Kartikeya Dwivedi <memxor@gmail.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20221118015614.2013203-11-memxor@gmail.com
Signed-off-by: Alexei Starovoitov <ast@kernel.org>

Global variables reside in maps accessible using direct_value_addr
callbacks, so giving each load instruction's rewrite a unique reg->id
disallows us from holding locks which are global.

The reason for preserving reg->id as a unique value for registers that
may point to spin lock is that two separate lookups are treated as two
separate memory regions, and any possible aliasing is ignored for the
purposes of spin lock correctness.

This is not great especially for the global variable case, which are
served from maps that have max_entries == 1, i.e. they always lead to
map values pointing into the same map value.

So refactor the active_spin_lock into a 'active_lock' structure which
represents the lock identity, and instead of the reg->id, remember two
fields, a pointer and the reg->id. The pointer will store reg->map_ptr
or reg->btf. It's only necessary to distinguish for the id == 0 case of
global variables, but always setting the pointer to a non-NULL value and
using the pointer to check whether the lock is held simplifies code in
the verifier.

This is generic enough to allow it for global variables, map lookups,
and allocated objects at the same time.

Note that while whether a lock is held can be answered by just comparing
active_lock.ptr to NULL, to determine whether the register is pointing
to the same held lock requires comparing _both_ ptr and id.

Finally, as a result of this refactoring, pseudo load instructions are
not given a unique reg->id, as they are doing lookup for the same map
value (max_entries is never greater than 1).

Essentially, we consider that the tuple of (ptr, id) will always be
unique for any kind of argument to bpf_spin_{lock,unlock}.

Note that this can be extended in the future to also remember offset
used for locking, so that we can introduce multiple bpf_spin_lock fields
in the same allocation.

Signed-off-by: Kumar Kartikeya Dwivedi <memxor@gmail.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20221118015614.2013203-10-memxor@gmail.com
Signed-off-by: Alexei Starovoitov <ast@kernel.org>

Allow locking a bpf_spin_lock in an allocated object, in addition to
already supported map value pointers. The handling is similar to that of
map values, by just preserving the reg->id of PTR_TO_BTF_ID | MEM_ALLOC
as well, and adjusting process_spin_lock to work with them and remember
the id in verifier state.

Refactor the existing process_spin_lock to work with PTR_TO_BTF_ID |
MEM_ALLOC in addition to PTR_TO_MAP_VALUE. We need to update the
reg_may_point_to_spin_lock which is used in mark_ptr_or_null_reg to
preserve reg->id, that will be used in env->cur_state->active_spin_lock
to remember the currently held spin lock.

Also update the comment describing bpf_spin_lock implementation details
to also talk about PTR_TO_BTF_ID | MEM_ALLOC type.

Signed-off-by: Kumar Kartikeya Dwivedi <memxor@gmail.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20221118015614.2013203-9-memxor@gmail.com
Signed-off-by: Alexei Starovoitov <ast@kernel.org>

Ensure that there can be no ownership cycles among different types by
way of having owning objects that can hold some other type as their
element. For instance, a map value can only hold allocated objects, but
these are allowed to have another bpf_list_head. To prevent unbounded
recursion while freeing resources, elements of bpf_list_head in local
kptrs can never have a bpf_list_head which are part of list in a map
value. Later patches will verify this by having dedicated BTF selftests.

Also, to make runtime destruction easier, once btf_struct_metas is fully
populated, we can stash the metadata of the value type directly in the
metadata of the list_head fields, as that allows easier access to the
value type's layout to destruct it at runtime from the btf_field entry
of the list head itself.

Signed-off-by: Kumar Kartikeya Dwivedi <memxor@gmail.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20221118015614.2013203-8-memxor@gmail.com
Signed-off-by: Alexei Starovoitov <ast@kernel.org>

Allow specifying bpf_spin_lock, bpf_list_head, bpf_list_node fields in a
allocated object.

Also update btf_struct_access to reject direct access to these special
fields.

A bpf_list_head allows implementing map-in-map style use cases, where an
allocated object with bpf_list_head is linked into a list in a map
value. This would require embedding a bpf_list_node, support for which
is also included. The bpf_spin_lock is used to protect the bpf_list_head
and other data.

While we strictly don't require to hold a bpf_spin_lock while touching
the bpf_list_head in such objects, as when have access to it, we have
complete ownership of the object, the locking constraint is still kept
and may be conditionally lifted in the future.

Note that the specification of such types can be done just like map
values, e.g.:

struct bar {
	struct bpf_list_node node;
};

struct foo {
	struct bpf_spin_lock lock;
	struct bpf_list_head head __contains(bar, node);
	struct bpf_list_node node;
};

struct map_value {
	struct bpf_spin_lock lock;
	struct bpf_list_head head __contains(foo, node);
};

To recognize such types in user BTF, we build a btf_struct_metas array
of metadata items corresponding to each BTF ID. This is done once during
the btf_parse stage to avoid having to do it each time during the
verification process's requirement to inspect the metadata.

Moreover, the computed metadata needs to be passed to some helpers in
future patches which requires allocating them and storing them in the
BTF that is pinned by the program itself, so that valid access can be
assumed to such data during program runtime.

A key thing to note is that once a btf_struct_meta is available for a
type, both the btf_record and btf_field_offs should be available. It is
critical that btf_field_offs is available in case special fields are
present, as we extensively rely on special fields being zeroed out in
map values and allocated objects in later patches. The code ensures that
by bailing out in case of errors and ensuring both are available
together. If the record is not available, the special fields won't be
recognized, so not having both is also fine (in terms of being a
verification error and not a runtime bug).

Signed-off-by: Kumar Kartikeya Dwivedi <memxor@gmail.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20221118015614.2013203-7-memxor@gmail.com
Signed-off-by: Alexei Starovoitov <ast@kernel.org>

Introduce support for representing pointers to objects allocated by the
BPF program, i.e. PTR_TO_BTF_ID that point to a type in program BTF.
This is indicated by the presence of MEM_ALLOC type flag in reg->type to
avoid having to check btf_is_kernel when trying to match argument types
in helpers.

Whenever walking such types, any pointers being walked will always yield
a SCALAR instead of pointer. In the future we might permit kptr inside
such allocated objects (either kernel or program allocated), and it will
then form a PTR_TO_BTF_ID of the respective type.

For now, such allocated objects will always be referenced in verifier
context, hence ref_obj_id == 0 for them is a bug. It is allowed to write
to such objects, as long fields that are special are not touched
(support for which will be added in subsequent patches). Note that once
such a pointer is marked PTR_UNTRUSTED, it is no longer allowed to write
to it.

No PROBE_MEM handling is therefore done for loads into this type unless
PTR_UNTRUSTED is part of the register type, since they can never be in
an undefined state, and their lifetime will always be valid.

Signed-off-by: Kumar Kartikeya Dwivedi <memxor@gmail.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20221118015614.2013203-6-memxor@gmail.com
Signed-off-by: Alexei Starovoitov <ast@kernel.org>

Far too much code simply assumes that both btf_record and btf_field_offs
are set to valid pointers together, or both are unset. They go together
hand in hand as btf_record describes the special fields and
btf_field_offs is compact representation for runtime copying/zeroing.

It is very difficult to make this clear in the code when the only
exception to this universal invariant is inner_map_meta which is used
as reg->map_ptr in the verifier. This is simply a bug waiting to happen,
as in verifier context we cannot easily distinguish if PTR_TO_MAP_VALUE
is coming from an inner map, and if we ever end up using field_offs for
any reason in the future, we will silently ignore the special fields for
inner map case (as NULL is not an error but unset field_offs).

Hence, simply copy field_offs from inner map together with btf_record.

While at it, refactor code to unwind properly on errors with gotos.

Signed-off-by: Kumar Kartikeya Dwivedi <memxor@gmail.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20221118015614.2013203-5-memxor@gmail.com
Signed-off-by: Alexei Starovoitov <ast@kernel.org>

Whenever btf_record_dup fails, we must free inner_map_meta that was
allocated before.

This fixes a memory leak (in case of errors) during inner map creation.

Fixes: aa3496ac

 ("bpf: Refactor kptr_off_tab into btf_record")
Signed-off-by: Kumar Kartikeya Dwivedi <memxor@gmail.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20221118015614.2013203-4-memxor@gmail.com
Signed-off-by: Alexei Starovoitov <ast@kernel.org>

Since the commit being fixed, we now miss freeing btf_record for local
storage maps which will have a btf_record populated in case they have
bpf_spin_lock element.

This was missed because I made the choice of offloading the job to free
kptr_off_tab (now btf_record) to the map_free callback when adding
support for kptrs.

Revisiting the reason for this decision, there is the possibility that
the btf_record gets used inside map_free callback (e.g. in case of maps
embedding kptrs) to iterate over them and free them, hence doing it
before the map_free callback would be leaking special field memory, and
do invalid memory access. The btf_record keeps module references which
is critical to ensure the dtor call made for referenced kptr is safe to
do.

If doing it after map_free callback, the map area is already freed, so
we cannot access bpf_map structure anymore.

To fix this and prevent such lapses in future, move bpf_map_free_record
out of the map_free callback, and do it after map_free by remembering
the btf_record pointer. There is no need to access bpf_map structure in
that case, and we can avoid missing this case when support for new map
types is added for other special fields.

Since a btf_record and its btf_field_offs are used together, for
consistency delay freeing of field_offs as well. While not a problem
right now, a lot of code assumes that either both record and field_offs
are set or none at once.

Note that in case of map of maps (outer maps), inner_map_meta->record is
only used during verification, not to free fields in map value, hence we
simply keep the bpf_map_free_record call as is in bpf_map_meta_free and
never touch map->inner_map_meta in bpf_map_free_deferred.

Add a comment making note of these details.

Fixes: db559117

 ("bpf: Consolidate spin_lock, timer management into btf_record")
Signed-off-by: Kumar Kartikeya Dwivedi <memxor@gmail.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20221118015614.2013203-3-memxor@gmail.com
Signed-off-by: Alexei Starovoitov <ast@kernel.org>

Instead of returning directly with -EOPNOTSUPP for the timer case, we
need to free the btf_record before returning to userspace.

Fixes: db559117

 ("bpf: Consolidate spin_lock, timer management into btf_record")
Reported-by: Dan Carpenter <error27@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Kumar Kartikeya Dwivedi <memxor@gmail.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20221118015614.2013203-2-memxor@gmail.com
Signed-off-by: Alexei Starovoitov <ast@kernel.org>

When cross-compiling [1], the get_sys_includes make macro should use
the target system include path, and not the build hosts system include
path.

Make clang honor the CROSS_COMPILE triple.

[1] e.g. "ARCH=riscv CROSS_COMPILE=riscv64-linux-gnu- make"

Signed-off-by: Björn Töpel <bjorn@rivosinc.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrii Nakryiko <andrii@kernel.org>
Tested-by: Anders Roxell <anders.roxell@linaro.org>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/bpf/20221115182051.582962-2-bjorn@kernel.org

When cross-compiling selftests/bpf, the resolve_btfids binary end up
in a different directory, than the regular resolve_btfids
builds. Populate RESOLVE_BTFIDS for sub-make, so it can find the
binary.

Signed-off-by: Björn Töpel <bjorn@rivosinc.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrii Nakryiko <andrii@kernel.org>
Acked-by: Jiri Olsa <jolsa@kernel.org>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/bpf/20221115182051.582962-1-bjorn@kernel.org

Currently bpf_map_do_batch() first invokes fdget(batch.map_fd) to get
the target map file, then it invokes generic_map_update_batch() to do
batch update. generic_map_update_batch() will get the target map file
by using fdget(batch.map_fd) again and pass it to bpf_map_update_value().

The problem is map file returned by the second fdget() may be NULL or a
totally different file compared by map file in bpf_map_do_batch(). The
reason is that the first fdget() only guarantees the liveness of struct
file instead of file descriptor and the file description may be released
by concurrent close() through pick_file().

It doesn't incur any problem as for now, because maps with batch update
support don't use map file in .map_fd_get_ptr() ops. But it is better to
fix the potential access of an invalid map file.

Using __bpf_map_get() again in generic_map_update_batch() can not fix
the problem, because batch.map_fd may be closed and reopened, and the
returned map file may be different with map file got in
bpf_map_do_batch(), so just passing the map file directly to
.map_update_batch() in bpf_map_do_batch().

Signed-off-by: Hou Tao <houtao1@huawei.com>
Signed-off-by: Daniel Borkmann <daniel@iogearbox.net>
Acked-by: Yonghong Song <yhs@fb.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/bpf/20221116075059.1551277-1-houtao@huaweicloud.com

Commit 26a9b433 ("bpf/docs: Document how to run CI without patch
submission") caused a warning to be generated when compiling the
documentation:

 > bpf_devel_QA.rst:55: WARNING: Unexpected indentation.
 > bpf_devel_QA.rst:56: WARNING: Block quote ends without a blank line

This change fixes the problem by inserting the required blank lines.

Fixes: 26a9b433

 ("bpf/docs: Document how to run CI without patch submission")
Reported-by: Akira Yokosawa <akiyks@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Daniel Müller <deso@posteo.net>
Signed-off-by: Daniel Borkmann <daniel@iogearbox.net>
Reviewed-by: Akira Yokosawa <akiyks@gmail.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/bpf/20221116174358.2744613-1-deso@posteo.net

kmemleak reports this issue:

unreferenced object 0xffff88810b7835c0 (size 32):
  comm "test_progs", pid 270, jiffies 4294969007 (age 1621.315s)
  hex dump (first 32 bytes):
    00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  ................
    03 00 00 00 03 00 00 00 0f 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  ................
  backtrace:
    [<00000000376cdeab>] kmalloc_trace+0x27/0x110
    [<000000003bcdb3b6>] selinux_sk_alloc_security+0x66/0x110
    [<000000003959008f>] security_sk_alloc+0x47/0x80
    [<00000000e7bc6668>] sk_prot_alloc+0xbd/0x1a0
    [<0000000002d6343a>] sk_alloc+0x3b/0x940
    [<000000009812a46d>] unix_create1+0x8f/0x3d0
    [<000000005ed0976b>] unix_create+0xa1/0x150
    [<0000000086a1d27f>] __sock_create+0x233/0x4a0
    [<00000000cffe3a73>] __sys_socket_create.part.0+0xaa/0x110
    [<0000000007c63f20>] __sys_socket+0x49/0xf0
    [<00000000b08753c8>] __x64_sys_socket+0x42/0x50
    [<00000000b56e26b3>] do_syscall_64+0x3b/0x90
    [<000000009b4871b8>] entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x63/0xcd

The issue occurs in the following scenarios:

unix_create1()
  sk_alloc()
    sk_prot_alloc()
      security_sk_alloc()
        call_int_hook()
          hlist_for_each_entry()
            entry1->hook.sk_alloc_security
            <-- selinux_sk_alloc_security() succeeded,
            <-- sk->security alloced here.
            entry2->hook.sk_alloc_security
            <-- bpf_lsm_sk_alloc_security() failed
      goto out_free;
        ...    <-- the sk->security not freed, memleak

The core problem is that the LSM is not yet fully stacked (work is
actively going on in this space) which means that some LSM hooks do
not support multiple LSMs at the same time. To fix, skip the
"EPERM" test when it runs in the environments that already have
non-bpf lsms installed

Fixes: dca85aac

 ("selftests/bpf: lsm_cgroup functional test")
Signed-off-by: Wang Yufen <wangyufen@huawei.com>
Cc: Stanislav Fomichev <sdf@google.com>
Acked-by: Stanislav Fomichev <sdf@google.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/1668482980-16163-1-git-send-email-wangyufen@huawei.com
Signed-off-by: Martin KaFai Lau <martin.lau@kernel.org>

Enable unprivileged bpf for selftests kernel by default.
This forces CI to run test_verifier tests in both privileged
and unprivileged modes.

The test_verifier.c:do_test uses sysctl kernel.unprivileged_bpf_disabled
to decide whether to run or to skip test cases in unprivileged mode.
The CONFIG_BPF_UNPRIV_DEFAULT_OFF controls the default value of the
kernel.unprivileged_bpf_disabled.

Signed-off-by: Eduard Zingerman <eddyz87@gmail.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20221116015456.2461135-1-eddyz87@gmail.com
Signed-off-by: Alexei Starovoitov <ast@kernel.org>

If the parameters for batch are more than 2, check argc first can
return immediately, no need to use is_prefix() to check "file" with
a little overhead and then check argc, it is better to check "file"
only when the parameters for batch are 2.

Signed-off-by: Tiezhu Yang <yangtiezhu@loongson.cn>
Acked-by: Stanislav Fomichev <sdf@google.com>
Reviewed-by: Quentin Monnet <quentin@isovalent.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/1668517207-11822-1-git-send-email-yangtiezhu@loongson.cn
Signed-off-by: Alexei Starovoitov <ast@kernel.org>

Remove mistaken & from code example in MAP_TYPE_ARRAY docs

Fixes: 1cfa97b3

 ("bpf, docs: Document BPF_MAP_TYPE_ARRAY")
Signed-off-by: Donald Hunter <donald.hunter@gmail.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20221115095910.86407-1-donald.hunter@gmail.com
Signed-off-by: Alexei Starovoitov <ast@kernel.org>

Eduard Zingerman says:

====================

This patchset adds ability to propagates nullness information for
branches of register to register equality compare instructions. The
following rules are used:
 - suppose register A maybe null
 - suppose register B is not null
 - for JNE A, B, ... - A is not null in the false branch
 - for JEQ A, B, ... - A is not null in the true branch

E.g. for program like below:

  r6 = skb->sk;
  r7 = sk_fullsock(r6);
  r0 = sk_fullsock(r6);
  if (r0 == 0) return 0;    (a)
  if (r0 != r7) return 0;   (b)
  *r7->type;                (c)
  return 0;

It is safe to dereference r7 at point (c), because of (a) and (b).

The utility of this change came up while working on BPF CLang backend
issue [1]. Specifically, while debugging issue with selftest
`test_sk_lookup.c`. This test has the following structure:

    int access_ctx_sk(struct bpf_sk_lookup *ctx __CTX__)
    {
        struct bpf_sock *sk1 = NULL, *sk2 = NULL;
        ...
        sk1 = bpf_map_lookup_elem(&redir_map, &KEY_SERVER_A);
        if (!sk1)           // (a)
            goto out;
        ...
        if (ctx->sk != sk1) // (b)
            goto out;
        ...
        if (ctx->sk->family != AF_INET ||     // (c)
            ctx->sk->type != SOCK_STREAM ||
            ctx->sk->state != BPF_TCP_LISTEN)
            goto out;
            ...
    }

- at (a) `sk1` is checked to be not null;
- at (b) `ctx->sk` is verified to be equal to `sk1`;
- at (c) `ctx->sk` is accessed w/o nullness check.

Currently Global Value Numbering pass considers expressions `sk1` and
`ctx->sk` to be identical at point (c) and replaces `ctx->sk` with
`sk1` (not expressions themselves but corresponding SSA values).
Since `sk1` is known to be not null after (b) verifier allows
execution of the program.

However, such optimization is not guaranteed to happen. When it does
not happen verifier reports an error.

Changelog:
v2 -> v3:
 - verifier tests are updated with correct error message for
   unprivileged mode (pointer comparisons are forbidden in
   unprivileged mode).

v1 -> v2:
 - after investigation described in [2] as suggested by John, Daniel
   and Shung-Hsi, function `type_is_pointer` is removed, calls to this
   function are replaced by `__is_pointer_value(false, src_reg)`.

RFC -> v1:
 - newly added if block in `check_cond_jmp_op` is moved down to keep
   `make_ptr_not_null_reg` actions together;
 - tests rewritten to have a single `r0 = 0; exit;` block.

[1]   https://reviews.llvm.org/D131633#3722231
[2]   https://lore.kernel.org/bpf/bad8be826d088e0d180232628160bf932006de89.camel@gmail.com/
[RFC] https://lore.kernel.org/bpf/20220822094312.175448-1-eddyz87@gmail.com/
[v1]  https://lore.kernel.org/bpf/20220826172915.1536914-1-eddyz87@gmail.com/
[v2]  https://lore.kernel.org/bpf/20221106214921.117631-1-eddyz87@gmail.com/
====================

Signed-off-by: Alexei Starovoitov <ast@kernel.org>