y2038: Provide conversion helpers for struct __timex64

Those functions allow easy conversion between Y2038 safe, glibc internal
struct __timex64 and struct timex.

Those functions are put in Linux specific sys/timex.h file, as putting
them into glibc's local include/time.h would cause build break on HURD as
it doesn't support struct timex related syscalls.

Build tests:
./src/scripts/build-many-glibcs.py glibcs

Reviewed-by: Alistair Francis <alistair.francis@wdc.com>
Reviewed-by: Adhemerval Zanella <adhemerval.zanella@linaro.org>