pull handling of one pathname component into a helper

new helper: walk_component().  Handles everything except symlinks;
returns negative on error, 0 on success and 1 on symlinks we decided
to follow.  Drops out of RCU mode on such symlinks.

link_path_walk() and do_last() switched to using that.

Signed-off-by: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>