Btrfs: add missing extent state caching calls

When we didn't find a matching extent state, we inserted a new one
but didn't cache it in the **cached_state parameter, which makes a
subsequent call do a tree lookup to get it.

Signed-off-by: Filipe David Borba Manana <fdmanana@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Josef Bacik <jbacik@fb.com>
Signed-off-by: Chris Mason <clm@fb.com>