ACPI: add acpi_bus_get_parent() and remove "parent" arguments

This patch adds acpi_bus_get_parent(), which ascends the namespace until
it finds a parent with an acpi_device.

Then we use acpi_bus_get_parent() in acpi_add_single_object(), so callers
don't have to figure out or keep track of the parent acpi_device.

Signed-off-by: Bjorn Helgaas <bjorn.helgaas@hp.com>
Signed-off-by: Len Brown <len.brown@intel.com>