vfs: add prepend_path() helper

Split off prepend_path() from __d_path().  This new helper takes an
end-of-buffer pointer and buffer-length pointer just like the other
prepend_* functions.  Move the " (deleted)" postfix out to __d_path().

This patch doesn't change any functionality but paves the way for the
following patches.

Signed-off-by: Miklos Szeredi <mszeredi@suse.cz>
Signed-off-by: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>