ALSA: Convert timers to use timer_setup()

In preparation for unconditionally passing the struct timer_list
pointer to all timer callbacks, switch to using the new timer_setup()
and from_timer() to pass the timer pointer explicitly. These are all the
"mechanical" changes remaining in the sound subsystem.

Signed-off-by: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>
Acked-by: Mark Brown <broonie@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Takashi Iwai <tiwai@suse.de>