selftests: pmtu: Introduce FoU and GUE PMTU exceptions tests

Introduce eight tests, for FoU and GUE, with IPv4 and IPv6 payload,
on IPv4 and IPv6 transport, that check that PMTU exceptions are created
with the right value when exceeding the MTU on a link of the path.

Signed-off-by: Stefano Brivio <sbrivio@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Sabrina Dubroca <sd@queasysnail.net>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>