arm: kgdb: Handle read-only text / modules

Handle the case where someone has set the text segment of the kernel
as read-only by using the newly introduced "patch" mechanism.

Signed-off-by: Doug Anderson <dianders@chromium.org>
[kees: switched structure size check to BUILD_BUG_ON (sboyd)]
Signed-off-by: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>
Acked-by: Nicolas Pitre <nico@linaro.org>