blockjob: Introduce block_job_ratelimit_get_delay()

This gets us rid of more direct accesses to BlockJob fields from the
job drivers.

Signed-off-by: Kevin Wolf <kwolf@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Eric Blake <eblake@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Max Reitz <mreitz@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: John Snow <jsnow@redhat.com>