nptl: Implement raise in terms of pthread_kill

Now that pthread_kill is provided by libc.so it is possible to
implement the generic POSIX implementation as
'pthread_kill(pthread_self(), sig)'.

For Linux implementation, pthread_kill read the targeting TID from
the TCB.  For raise, this it not possible because it would make raise
fail when issue after vfork (where creates the resulting process
has a different TID from the parent, but its TCB is not updated as
for pthread_create).  To make raise use pthread_kill, it is make
usable from vfork by getting the target thread id through gettid
syscall.

Checked on x86_64-linux-gnu and aarch64-linux-gnu.