stdio-common: Add __printf_function_invoke

And __wprintf_function_invoke.  These functions will be used to
to call registered printf specifier callbacks on printf buffers
after vfprintf and vfwprintf have been converted to buffers.  The new
implementation avoids alloca/variable length arrays.

Reviewed-by: Adhemerval Zanella <adhemerval.zanella@linaro.org>