x86_64: Fix asm constraints in feraiseexcept (bug 30305)

The divss instruction clobbers its first argument, and the constraints
need to reflect that.  Fortunately, with GCC 12, generated code does
not actually change, so there is no externally visible bug.

Suggested-by: Jakub Jelinek <jakub@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Noah Goldstein <goldstein.w.n@gmail.com>
(cherry picked from commit 5d1ccdda)