Use C2x return value from getpayload of non-NaN (bug 26073).

In TS 18661-1, getpayload had an unspecified return value for a
non-NaN argument, while C2x requires the return value -1 in that case.

This patch implements the return value of -1.  I don't think this is
worth having a new symbol version that's an alias of the old one,
although occasionally we do that in such cases where the new function
semantics are a refinement of the old ones (to avoid programs relying
on the new semantics running on older glibc versions but not behaving
as intended).

Tested for x86_64 and x86; also ran math/ tests for aarch64 and
powerpc.