Linux: Simplify __opensock and fix race condition [BZ #28353]

AF_NETLINK support is not quite optional on modern Linux systems
anymore, so it is likely that the first attempt will always succeed.
Consequently, there is no need to cache the result.  Keep AF_UNIX
and the Internet address families as a fallback, for the rare case
that AF_NETLINK is missing.  The other address families previously
probed are totally obsolete be now, so remove them.

Use this simplified version as the generic implementation, disabling
Netlink support as needed.