elf: Use _dl_catch_error from base namespace in dl-libc.c [BZ #27646]

dlerrror_run in elf/dl-libc.c needs to call GLRO (dl_catch_error)
from the base namespace, just like the exported dlerror
implementation.

Fixes commit b2964eb1 ("dlfcn:
Failures after dlmopen should not terminate process [BZ #24772]").

Backport notes: GLRO (dl_catch_error) is replaced with
_dl_catch_error_ptr to preserve _rtld_global_ro layout.

Reviewed-by: Siddhesh Poyarekar <siddhesh@sourceware.org>
(cherry picked from commit c2059edc)