libio: Implement internal function __libc_readline_unlocked

This is a variant of fgets which fails with ERANGE if the
buffer is too small, and the buffer length is given as an
argument of type size_t.

This function will be useful for implementing NSS file reading
operations.  Compared to a direct implementation using the public API,
it avoids an lseek system call in case the line terminator can be
found in the internal read buffer.