bpf: Add bpf_prog iterator

It's mostly a copy paste of commit 6086d29d ("bpf: Add bpf_map iterator")
that is use to implement bpf_seq_file opreations to traverse all bpf programs.

v1->v2: Tweak to use build time btf_id

Signed-off-by: Alexei Starovoitov <ast@kernel.org>
Acked-by: Yonghong Song <yhs@fb.com>
Acked-by: Daniel Borkmann <daniel@iogearbox.net>