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  13. Jan 15, 2018
    • Tom Lendacky's avatar
      x86/retpoline: Add LFENCE to the retpoline/RSB filling RSB macros · 28d437d5
      Tom Lendacky authored 
      

The PAUSE instruction is currently used in the retpoline and RSB filling
macros as a speculation trap.  The use of PAUSE was originally suggested
because it showed a very, very small difference in the amount of
cycles/time used to execute the retpoline as compared to LFENCE.  On AMD,
the PAUSE instruction is not a serializing instruction, so the pause/jmp
loop will use excess power as it is speculated over waiting for return
to mispredict to the correct target.

The RSB filling macro is applicable to AMD, and, if software is unable to
verify that LFENCE is serializing on AMD (possible when running under a
hypervisor), the generic retpoline support will be used and, so, is also
applicable to AMD.  Keep the current usage of PAUSE for Intel, but add an
LFENCE instruction to the speculation trap for AMD.

The same sequence has been adopted by GCC for the GCC generated retpolines.

Signed-off-by: default avatarTom Lendacky <thomas.lendacky@amd.com>
Signed-off-by: default avatarThomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Reviewed-by: default avatarBorislav Petkov <bp@alien8.de>
Acked-by: default avatarDavid Woodhouse <dwmw@amazon.co.uk>
Acked-by: default avatarArjan van de Ven <arjan@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com>
Cc: Andi Kleen <ak@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Paul Turner <pjt@google.com>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Tim Chen <tim.c.chen@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Jiri Kosina <jikos@kernel.org>
Cc: Dave Hansen <dave.hansen@intel.com>
Cc: Andy Lutomirski <luto@kernel.org>
Cc: Josh Poimboeuf <jpoimboe@redhat.com>
Cc: Dan Williams <dan.j.williams@intel.com>
Cc: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Kees Cook <keescook@google.com>
Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20180113232730.31060.36287.stgit@tlendack-t1.amdoffice.net
      28d437d5
    • David Woodhouse's avatar
      x86/retpoline: Fill RSB on context switch for affected CPUs · c995efd5
      David Woodhouse authored 
      

On context switch from a shallow call stack to a deeper one, as the CPU
does 'ret' up the deeper side it may encounter RSB entries (predictions for
where the 'ret' goes to) which were populated in userspace.

This is problematic if neither SMEP nor KPTI (the latter of which marks
userspace pages as NX for the kernel) are active, as malicious code in
userspace may then be executed speculatively.

Overwrite the CPU's return prediction stack with calls which are predicted
to return to an infinite loop, to "capture" speculation if this
happens. This is required both for retpoline, and also in conjunction with
IBRS for !SMEP && !KPTI.

On Skylake+ the problem is slightly different, and an *underflow* of the
RSB may cause errant branch predictions to occur. So there it's not so much
overwrite, as *filling* the RSB to attempt to prevent it getting
empty. This is only a partial solution for Skylake+ since there are many
other conditions which may result in the RSB becoming empty. The full
solution on Skylake+ is to use IBRS, which will prevent the problem even
when the RSB becomes empty. With IBRS, the RSB-stuffing will not be
required on context switch.

[ tglx: Added missing vendor check and slighty massaged comments and
  	changelog ]

Signed-off-by: default avatarDavid Woodhouse <dwmw@amazon.co.uk>
Signed-off-by: default avatarThomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Acked-by: default avatarArjan van de Ven <arjan@linux.intel.com>
Cc: gnomes@lxorguk.ukuu.org.uk
Cc: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com>
Cc: Andi Kleen <ak@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Josh Poimboeuf <jpoimboe@redhat.com>
Cc: thomas.lendacky@amd.com
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Jiri Kosina <jikos@kernel.org>
Cc: Andy Lutomirski <luto@amacapital.net>
Cc: Dave Hansen <dave.hansen@intel.com>
Cc: Kees Cook <keescook@google.com>
Cc: Tim Chen <tim.c.chen@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Paul Turner <pjt@google.com>
Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/1515779365-9032-1-git-send-email-dwmw@amazon.co.uk
      c995efd5
    • Andrey Ryabinin's avatar
      x86/kasan: Panic if there is not enough memory to boot · 0d39e266
      Andrey Ryabinin authored 
      

Currently KASAN doesn't panic in case it don't have enough memory
to boot. Instead, it crashes in some random place:

 kernel BUG at arch/x86/mm/physaddr.c:27!

 RIP: 0010:__phys_addr+0x268/0x276
 Call Trace:
  kasan_populate_shadow+0x3f2/0x497
  kasan_init+0x12e/0x2b2
  setup_arch+0x2825/0x2a2c
  start_kernel+0xc8/0x15f4
  x86_64_start_reservations+0x2a/0x2c
  x86_64_start_kernel+0x72/0x75
  secondary_startup_64+0xa5/0xb0

Use memblock_virt_alloc_try_nid() for allocations without failure
fallback. It will panic with an out of memory message.

Reported-by: default avatarkernel test robot <xiaolong.ye@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: default avatarAndrey Ryabinin <aryabinin@virtuozzo.com>
Signed-off-by: default avatarThomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Acked-by: default avatarDmitry Vyukov <dvyukov@google.com>
Cc: kasan-dev@googlegroups.com
Cc: Alexander Potapenko <glider@google.com>
Cc: lkp@01.org
Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20180110153602.18919-1-aryabinin@virtuozzo.com
      0d39e266
    • Thomas Gleixner's avatar
      x86/retpoline: Remove compile time warning · b8b9ce4b
      Thomas Gleixner authored 
      Remove the compile time warning when CONFIG_RETPOLINE=y and the compiler
does not have retpoline support. Linus rationale for this is:

  It's wrong because it will just make people turn off RETPOLINE, and the
  asm updates - and return stack clearing - that are independent of the
  compiler are likely the most important parts because they are likely the
  ones easiest to target.

  And it's annoying because most people won't be able to do anything about
  it. The number of people building their own compiler? Very small. So if
  their distro hasn't got a compiler yet (and pretty much nobody does), the
  warning is just annoying crap.

  It is already properly reported as part of the sysfs interface. The
  compile-time warning only encourages bad things.

Fixes: 76b04384

 ("x86/retpoline: Add initial retpoline support")
Requested-by: default avatarLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: default avatarThomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: David Woodhouse <dwmw@amazon.co.uk>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra (Intel) <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: gnomes@lxorguk.ukuu.org.uk
Cc: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com>
Cc: Andi Kleen <ak@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Josh Poimboeuf <jpoimboe@redhat.com>
Cc: thomas.lendacky@amd.com
Cc: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Jiri Kosina <jikos@kernel.org>
Cc: Andy Lutomirski <luto@amacapital.net>
Cc: Dave Hansen <dave.hansen@intel.com>
Cc: Kees Cook <keescook@google.com>
Cc: Tim Chen <tim.c.chen@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linux-foundation.org>
Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/CA+55aFzWgquv4i6Mab6bASqYXg3ErV3XDFEYf=GEcCDQg5uAtw@mail.gmail.com
      b8b9ce4b
  15. Jan 14, 2018
    • Peter Zijlstra's avatar
      x86,perf: Disable intel_bts when PTI · 99a9dc98
      Peter Zijlstra authored 
      The intel_bts driver does not use the 'normal' BTS buffer which is exposed
through the cpu_entry_area but instead uses the memory allocated for the
perf AUX buffer.

This obviously comes apart when using PTI because then the kernel mapping;
which includes that AUX buffer memory; disappears. Fixing this requires to
expose a mapping which is visible in all context and that's not trivial.

As a quick fix disable this driver when PTI is enabled to prevent
malfunction.

Fixes: 385ce0ea

 ("x86/mm/pti: Add Kconfig")
Reported-by: default avatarVince Weaver <vincent.weaver@maine.edu>
Reported-by: default avatarRobert Święcki <robert@swiecki.net>
Signed-off-by: default avatarPeter Zijlstra (Intel) <peterz@infradead.org>
Signed-off-by: default avatarThomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: Alexander Shishkin <alexander.shishkin@linux.intel.com>
Cc: greg@kroah.com
Cc: hughd@google.com
Cc: luto@amacapital.net
Cc: Vince Weaver <vince@deater.net>
Cc: torvalds@linux-foundation.org
Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org
Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20180114102713.GB6166@worktop.programming.kicks-ass.net
      99a9dc98
    • W. Trevor King's avatar
      security/Kconfig: Correct the Documentation reference for PTI · a237f762
      W. Trevor King authored 
      When the config option for PTI was added a reference to documentation was
added as well. But the documentation did not exist at that point. The final
documentation has a different file name.

Fix it up to point to the proper file.

Fixes: 385ce0ea

 ("x86/mm/pti: Add Kconfig")
Signed-off-by: default avatarW. Trevor King <wking@tremily.us>
Signed-off-by: default avatarThomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: Dave Hansen <dave.hansen@linux.intel.com>
Cc: linux-mm@kvack.org
Cc: linux-security-module@vger.kernel.org
Cc: James Morris <james.l.morris@oracle.com>
Cc: "Serge E. Hallyn" <serge@hallyn.com>
Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org
Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/3009cc8ccbddcd897ec1e0cb6dda524929de0d14.1515799398.git.wking@tremily.us
      a237f762
    • Thomas Gleixner's avatar
      x86/pti: Fix !PCID and sanitize defines · f10ee3dc
      Thomas Gleixner authored 
      The switch to the user space page tables in the low level ASM code sets
unconditionally bit 12 and bit 11 of CR3. Bit 12 is switching the base
address of the page directory to the user part, bit 11 is switching the
PCID to the PCID associated with the user page tables.

This fails on a machine which lacks PCID support because bit 11 is set in
CR3. Bit 11 is reserved when PCID is inactive.

While the Intel SDM claims that the reserved bits are ignored when PCID is
disabled, the AMD APM states that they should be cleared.

This went unnoticed as the AMD APM was not checked when the code was
developed and reviewed and test systems with Intel CPUs never failed to
boot. The report is against a Centos 6 host where the guest fails to boot,
so it's not yet clear whether this is a virt issue or can happen on real
hardware too, but thats irrelevant as the AMD APM clearly ask for clearing
the reserved bits.

Make sure that on non PCID machines bit 11 is not set by the page table
switching code.

Andy suggested to rename the related bits and masks so they are clearly
describing what they should be used for, which is done as well for clarity.

That split could have been done with alternatives but the macro hell is
horrible and ugly. This can be done on top if someone cares to remove the
extra orq. For now it's a straight forward fix.

Fixes: 6fd166aa

 ("x86/mm: Use/Fix PCID to optimize user/kernel switches")
Reported-by: default avatarLaura Abbott <labbott@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: default avatarThomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: stable <stable@vger.kernel.org>
Cc: Borislav Petkov <bp@alien8.de>
Cc: Andy Lutomirski <luto@kernel.org>
Cc: Willy Tarreau <w@1wt.eu>
Cc: David Woodhouse <dwmw@amazon.co.uk>
Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/alpine.DEB.2.20.1801140009150.2371@nanos
      f10ee3dc
  17. Jan 13, 2018
    • Andy Lutomirski's avatar
      selftests/x86: Add test_vsyscall · 352909b4
      Andy Lutomirski authored 
      

This tests that the vsyscall entries do what they're expected to do.
It also confirms that attempts to read the vsyscall page behave as
expected.

If changes are made to the vsyscall code or its memory map handling,
running this test in all three of vsyscall=none, vsyscall=emulate,
and vsyscall=native are helpful.

(Because it's easy, this also compares the vsyscall results to their
 vDSO equivalents.)

Note to KAISER backporters: please test this under all three
vsyscall modes.  Also, in the emulate and native modes, make sure
that test_vsyscall_64 agrees with the command line or config
option as to which mode you're in.  It's quite easy to mess up
the kernel such that native mode accidentally emulates
or vice versa.

Greg, etc: please backport this to all your Meltdown-patched
kernels.  It'll help make sure the patches didn't regress
vsyscalls.

CSigned-off-by: default avatarAndy Lutomirski <luto@kernel.org>
Cc: Andy Lutomirski <luto@kernel.org>
Cc: Borislav Petkov <bp@alien8.de>
Cc: Dave Hansen <dave.hansen@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
Cc: H. Peter Anvin <hpa@zytor.com>
Cc: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com>
Cc: Josh Poimboeuf <jpoimboe@redhat.com>
Cc: Juergen Gross <jgross@suse.com>
Cc: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>
Cc: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/2b9c5a174c1d60fd7774461d518aa75598b1d8fd.1515719552.git.luto@kernel.org


Signed-off-by: default avatarIngo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
      352909b4
  19. Jan 12, 2018