net: core: synchronize link-watch when carrier is queried

There are multiple ways to query for the carrier state: through
rtnetlink, sysfs, and (possibly) ethtool. Synchronize linkwatch
work before these operations so that we don't have a situation
where userspace queries the carrier state between the driver's
carrier off->on transition and linkwatch running and expects it
to work, when really (at least) TX cannot work until linkwatch
has run.

I previously posted a longer explanation of how this applies to
wireless [1] but with this wireless can simply query the state
before sending data, to ensure the kernel is ready for it.

[1] https://lore.kernel.org/all/346b21d87c69f817ea3c37caceb34f1f56255884.camel@sipsolutions.net/

Signed-off-by: Johannes Berg <johannes.berg@intel.com>
Reviewed-by: Jiri Pirko <jiri@nvidia.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20231204214706.303c62768415.I1caedccae72ee5a45c9085c5eb49c145ce1c0dd5@changeid
Signed-off-by: Jakub Kicinski <kuba@kernel.org>