time: Fix change_clocksource locking

change_clocksource() fails to grab locks or call timekeeping_update(),
which leaves a race window for time inconsistencies.

This adds proper locking and a call to timekeeping_update() to fix this.

CC: Andy Lutomirski <luto@amacapital.net>
CC: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Signed-off-by: John Stultz <john.stultz@linaro.org>