iomap: add the new iomap_iter model

The iomap_iter struct provides a convenient way to package up and
maintain all the arguments to the various mapping and operation
functions.  It is operated on using the iomap_iter() function that
is called in loop until the whole range has been processed.  Compared
to the existing iomap_apply() function this avoid an indirect call
for each iteration.

For now iomap_iter() calls back into the existing ->iomap_begin and
->iomap_end methods, but in the future this could be further optimized
to avoid indirect calls entirely.

Based on an earlier patch from Matthew Wilcox <willy@infradead.org>.

Signed-off-by: Christoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de>
[djwong: add to apply.c to preserve git history of iomap loop control]
Reviewed-by: Darrick J. Wong <djwong@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Darrick J. Wong <djwong@kernel.org>
Reviewed-by: Dave Chinner <dchinner@redhat.com>