nilfs2: optimize calculation of min/max number of btree node children

nilfs_btree_node_nchildren_max() and nilfs_btree_node_nchildren_min()
functions switch return value depending on whether target node is the
root or a node block.  In most uses of these functions, however, the
node type is fixed, and moreover the same calculation is repeatedly
performed in loop.

This unfold these functions depending on context and move them outside
loops wherever possible.

Signed-off-by: Ryusuke Konishi <konishi.ryusuke@lab.ntt.co.jp>