udf: Fix BUG on corrupted inode

When inode is corrupted so that extent type is invalid, some functions
(such as udf_truncate_extents()) will just BUG. Check that extent type
is valid when loading the inode to memory.

Reported-by: Anatoly Trosinenko <anatoly.trosinenko@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Jan Kara <jack@suse.cz>