IMA: reject unknown hash algorithms in ima_get_hash_algo

The new function validate_hash_algo() assumed that ima_get_hash_algo()
always return a valid 'enum hash_algo', but it returned the
user-supplied value present in the digital signature without
any bounds checks.

Update ima_get_hash_algo() to always return a valid hash algorithm,
defaulting on 'ima_hash_algo' when the user-supplied value inside
the xattr is invalid.

Signed-off-by: THOBY Simon <Simon.THOBY@viveris.fr>
Reported-by:  <syzbot+e8bafe7b82c739eaf153@syzkaller.appspotmail.com>
Fixes: 50f742dd ("IMA: block writes of the security.ima xattr with unsupported algorithms")
Reviewed-by: Lakshmi Ramasubramanian <nramas@linux.microsoft.com>
Signed-off-by: Mimi Zohar <zohar@linux.ibm.com>