selftests/bpf: Migrate expected_attach_type tests

Migrates tests from progs/test_sock_addr.c ensuring that programs fail
to load when the expected attach type does not match.

Signed-off-by: Jordan Rife <jrife@google.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20240510190246.3247730-11-jrife@google.com


Signed-off-by: Alexei Starovoitov <ast@kernel.org>