btrfs: move missing device handling in a dedicate function

[ Upstream commit ff37c89f ]

This simplifies the code flow in read_one_chunk and makes error handling
when handling missing devices a bit simpler by reducing it to a single
check if something went wrong. No functional changes.

Reviewed-by: Su Yue <l@damenly.su>
Signed-off-by: Nikolay Borisov <nborisov@suse.com>
Reviewed-by: David Sterba <dsterba@suse.com>
Signed-off-by: David Sterba <dsterba@suse.com>
Stable-dep-of: 1742e1c9 ("btrfs: fix extent map use-after-free when handling missing device in read_one_chunk")
Signed-off-by: Sasha Levin <sashal@kernel.org>