xfs: simplify xfs_map_blocks

No need to lock the extent map exclusive when performing an
overwrite, we know the extent map must already have been loaded by
get_blocks.  Apply the non-blocking inode semantics to all mapping
types instead of just delayed allocations.  Remove the handling of
not yet allocated blocks for the IO_UNWRITTEN case - if an extent is
marked as unwritten allocated in the buffer it must already have an
extent on disk.

Add asserts to verify all the assumptions above in debug builds.

Signed-off-by: Christoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de>
Reviewed-by: Dave Chinner <dchinner@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Alex Elder <aelder@sgi.com>