rbd: add reference counting to rbd_spec

With layered images we'll share rbd_spec structures, so add a
reference count to it.  It neatens up some code also.

A silly get/put pair is added to the alloc routine just to avoid
"defined but not used" warnings.  It will go away soon.

Signed-off-by: Alex Elder <elder@inktank.com>
Reviewed-by: Josh Durgin <josh.durgin@inktank.com>