fscrypt: try to avoid refing parent dentry in fscrypt_file_open

Merely checking if the directory is encrypted happens for every open
when using ext4, at the moment refing and unrefing the parent, costing 2
atomics and serializing opens of different files.

The most common case of encryption not being used can be checked for
with RCU instead.

Sample result from open1_processes -t 20 ("Separate file open/close")
from will-it-scale on Sapphire Rapids (ops/s):
before:	12539898
after:	25575494 (+103%)

v2:
- add a comment justifying rcu usage, submitted by Eric Biggers
- whack spurious IS_ENCRYPTED check from the refed case

Signed-off-by: Mateusz Guzik <mjguzik@gmail.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20240508081400.422212-1-mjguzik@gmail.com
Signed-off-by: Eric Biggers <ebiggers@google.com>