mm: prevent endless growth of anon_vma hierarchy

Constantly forking task causes unlimited grow of anon_vma chain.  Each
next child allocates new level of anon_vmas and links vma to all
previous levels because pages might be inherited from any level.

This patch adds heuristic which decides to reuse existing anon_vma
instead of forking new one.  It adds counter anon_vma->degree which
counts linked vmas and directly descending anon_vmas and reuses anon_vma
if counter is lower than two.  As a result each anon_vma has either vma
or at least two descending anon_vmas.  In such trees half of nodes are
leafs with alive vmas, thus count of anon_vmas is no more than two times
bigger than count of vmas.

This heuristic reuses anon_vmas as few as possible because each reuse
adds false aliasing among vmas and rmap walker ought to scan more ptes
when it searches where page is might be mapped.

Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20120816024610.GA5350@evergreen.ssec.wisc.edu
Fixes: 5beb4930 ("mm: change anon_vma linking ...