btrfs: remove the start argument to check_data_csum and export

Derive the value of start from the btrfs_bio now that ->file_offset is
always valid.  Also export and rename the function so it's available
outside of inode.c as we'll need that soon.

Reviewed-by: Nikolay Borisov <nborisov@suse.com>
Reviewed-by: Boris Burkov <boris@bur.io>
Signed-off-by: Christoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de>
Reviewed-by: David Sterba <dsterba@suse.com>
Signed-off-by: David Sterba <dsterba@suse.com>