block: allow specifying size for extra command data

This mirrors the blk-mq capabilities to allocate extra drivers-specific
data behind struct request by setting a cmd_size field, as well as having
a constructor / destructor for it.

Signed-off-by: Christoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de>
Reviewed-by: Martin K. Petersen <martin.petersen@oracle.com>
Reviewed-by: Hannes Reinecke <hare@suse.com>
Signed-off-by: Jens Axboe <axboe@fb.com>