efi/libstub: refactor the initrd measuring functions

Currently, from the efi-stub, we are only measuring the loaded initrd,
using the TCG2 measured boot protocols.  A following patch is
introducing measurements of additional components, such as the kernel
command line. On top of that, we will shortly have to support other
types of measured boot that don't expose the TCG2 protocols.

So let's prepare for that, by rejigging the efi_measure_initrd() routine
into something that we should be able to reuse for measuring other
assets, and which can be extended later to support other measured boot
protocols.

Co-developed-by: Ilias Apalodimas <ilias.apalodimas@linaro.org>
Signed-off-by: Ilias Apalodimas <ilias.apalodimas@linaro.org>
Signed-off-by: Ard Biesheuvel <ardb@kernel.org>