X.509: fix NULL dereference when restricting key with unsupported_sig

The asymmetric key type allows an X.509 certificate to be added even if
its signature's hash algorithm is not available in the crypto API.  In
that case 'payload.data[asym_auth]' will be NULL.  But the key
restriction code failed to check for this case before trying to use the
signature, resulting in a NULL pointer dereference in
key_or_keyring_common() or in restrict_link_by_signature().

Fix this by returning -ENOPKG when the signature is unsupported.

Reproducer when all the CONFIG_CRYPTO_SHA512* options are disabled and
keyctl has support for the 'restrict_keyring' command:

    keyctl new_session
    keyctl restrict_keyring @s asymmetric builtin_trusted
    openssl req -new -sha512 -x509 -batch -nodes -outform der \
        | keyctl padd asymmetric desc @s

Fixes: a511e1af

 ("KEYS: Move the point of trust determination to __key_link()")
Cc: <stable@vger.kernel.org> # v4.7+
Signed-off-by: Eric Biggers <ebiggers@google.com>
Signed...