Allow provider sigalgs in SignatureAlgorithms conf

Though support for provider-based signature algorithms was added in
ee58915c this functionality did not work with the SignatureAlgorithms
configuration command. If SignatureAlgorithms is set then the provider
sigalgs are not used and instead it used the default value.

This PR adds a check against the provider-base sigalg list when parsing
the SignatureAlgorithms value.

Based-on-patch-by: Martin Schmatz <mrt@zurich.ibm.com>
Fixes #22761

Reviewed-by: Nicola Tuveri <nic.tuv@gmail.com>
Reviewed-by: Tomas Mraz <tomas@openssl.org>
Reviewed-by: Dmitry Belyavskiy <beldmit@gmail.com>
(Merged from https://github.com/openssl/openssl/pull/22779)