qapi: More rigourous checking of types

Now that we know every expression is valid with regards to
its keys, we can add further tests that those keys refer to
valid types.  With this patch, all uses of a type (the 'data':
of command, type, union, alternate, and event; the 'returns':
of command; the 'base': of type and union) must resolve to an
appropriate subset of metatypes  declared by the current qapi
parse; this includes recursing into each member of a data
dictionary.  Dealing with '**' and nested anonymous structs
will be done in later patches.

Update the testsuite to match improved output.

Signed-off-by: Eric Blake <eblake@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Markus Armbruster <armbru@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Markus Armbruster <armbru@redhat.com>