x86/topology: Add a mechanism to track topology via APIC IDs

Topology on X86 is determined by the registered APIC IDs and the
segmentation information retrieved from CPUID. Depending on the granularity
of the provided CPUID information the most fine grained scheme looks like
this according to Intel terminology:

   [PKG][DIEGRP][DIE][TILE][MODULE][CORE][THREAD]

Not enumerated domain levels consume 0 bits in the APIC ID. This allows to
provide a consistent view at the topology and determine other information
precisely like the number of cores in a package on hybrid systems, where
the existing assumption that number or cores == number of threads / threads
per core does not hold.

Provide per domain level bitmaps which record the APIC ID split into the
domain levels to make later evaluation of domain level specific information
simple. This allows to calculate e.g. the logical IDs without any further
extra logic.

Contrary to the existing registration mechanism this records disabled CPUs,
which are subject to later hotplug as well. That's useful for boot time
sizing of package or die dependent allocations without using heuristics.

Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Tested-by: Michael Kelley <mhklinux@outlook.com>
Tested-by: Sohil Mehta <sohil.mehta@intel.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20240213210252.406985021@linutronix.de