thermal: core: Pass trip pointer to governor throttle callback

Modify the governor .throttle() callback definition so that it takes a
trip pointer instead of a trip index as its second argument, adjust the
governors accordingly and update the core code invoking .throttle().

This causes the governors to become independent of the representation
of the list of trips in the thermal zone structure.

This change is not expected to alter the general functionality.

Signed-off-by: Rafael J. Wysocki <rafael.j.wysocki@intel.com>
Reviewed-by: Daniel Lezcano <daniel.lezcano@linaro.org>