bpf: Fix a kernel verifier crash in stacksafe()

commit bed2eb964c70b780fb55925892a74f26cb590b25 upstream.

Daniel Hodges reported a kernel verifier crash when playing with sched-ext.
Further investigation shows that the crash is due to invalid memory access
in stacksafe(). More specifically, it is the following code:

    if (exact != NOT_EXACT &&
        old->stack[spi].slot_type[i % BPF_REG_SIZE] !=
        cur->stack[spi].slot_type[i % BPF_REG_SIZE])
            return false;

The 'i' iterates old->allocated_stack.
If cur->allocated_stack < old->allocated_stack the out-of-bound
access will happen.

To fix the issue add 'i >= cur->allocated_stack' check such that if
the condition is true, stacksafe() should fail. Otherwise,
cur->stack[spi].slot_type[i % BPF_REG_SIZE] memory access is legal.

Fixes: 2793a8b0

 ("bpf: exact states comparison for iterator convergence checks")
Cc: Eduard Zingerman <eddyz87@gmail.com>
Reported-by: Daniel Hodges <hodgesd@meta.com>
Acked-by: Eduard Zingerman <eddyz87@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Yonghong Song <yonghong.song@linux.dev>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20240812214847.213612-1-yonghong.song@linux.dev
Signed-off-by: Alexei Starovoitov <ast@kernel.org>
[ shung-hsi.yu: "exact" variable is bool instead enum because commit
  4f81c16f

 ("bpf: Recognize that two registers are safe when their
  ranges match") is not present. ]
Signed-off-by: Shung-Hsi Yu <shung-hsi.yu@suse.com>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>