dm: only call early_lookup_bdev from early boot context

early_lookup_bdev is supposed to only be called from the early boot
code, but dm_get_device calls it as a general fallback when lookup_bdev
fails, which is problematic because early_lookup_bdev bypasses all normal
path based permission checking, and might cause problems with certain
container environments renaming devices.

Switch to only call early_lookup_bdev when dm is built-in and the system
state in not running yet.  This means it is still available when tables
are constructed by dm-init.c from the kernel command line, but not
otherwise.

Note that this strictly speaking changes the kernel ABI as the PARTUUID=
and PARTLABEL= style syntax is now not available during a running
systems.  They never were intended for that, but this breaks things
we'll have to figure out a way to make them available again.  But if
avoidable in any way I'd rather avoid that.

Signed-off-by: Christoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de>
Reviewed-by: Mike Snitzer <snitzer@kernel.org>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20230531125535.676098-21-hch@lst.de
Signed-off-by: Jens Axboe <axboe@kernel.dk>