block: propagate partition scanning errors to the BLKRRPART ioctl

Commit 4601b4b1 ("block: reopen the device in blkdev_reread_part")
lost the propagation of I/O errors from the low-level read of the
partition table to the user space caller of the BLKRRPART.

Apparently some user space relies on, so restore the propagation.  This
isn't exactly pretty as other block device open calls explicitly do not
are about these errors, so add a new BLK_OPEN_STRICT_SCAN to opt into
the error propagation.

Fixes: 4601b4b1 ("block: reopen the device in blkdev_reread_part")
Reported-by: Saranya Muruganandam <saranyamohan@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Christoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de>
Reviewed-by: Chaitanya Kulkarni <kch@nvidia.com>
Reviewed-by: Shin'ichiro Kawasaki <shinichiro.kawasaki@wdc.com>
Tested-by: Shin'ichiro Kawasaki <shinichiro.kawasaki@wdc.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20240417144743.2277601-1-hch@lst.de


Signed-off-by: Jens Axboe <axboe@kernel.dk>