bcachefs: Discard, invalidate workers are now per device

There's no reason for discards to be single threaded across all devices;
this will improve performance on multi device setups.

Additionally, making them per-device simplifies the refcounting on
bch_dev->io_ref; we now hold it for the duration that the discard path
is running, which fixes a race between the discard path and device
removal.

Signed-off-by: Kent Overstreet <kent.overstreet@linux.dev>