bpf: support deferring bpf_link dealloc to after RCU grace period

BPF link for some program types is passed as a "context" which can be
used by those BPF programs to look up additional information. E.g., for
multi-kprobes and multi-uprobes, link is used to fetch BPF cookie values.

Because of this runtime dependency, when bpf_link refcnt drops to zero
there could still be active BPF programs running accessing link data.

This patch adds generic support to defer bpf_link dealloc callback to
after RCU GP, if requested. This is done by exposing two different
deallocation callbacks, one synchronous and one deferred. If deferred
one is provided, bpf_link_free() will schedule dealloc_deferred()
callback to happen after RCU GP.

BPF is using two flavors of RCU: "classic" non-sleepable one and RCU
tasks trace one. The latter is used when sleepable BPF programs are
used. bpf_link_free() accommodates that by checking underlying BPF
program's sleepable flag, and goes either through normal RCU GP only for
non-sleepable, or through RCU tasks trace GP *and* then normal RCU GP
(taking into account rcu_trace_implies_rcu_gp() optimization), if BPF
program is sleepable.

We use this for multi-kprobe and multi-uprobe links, which dereference
link during program run. We also preventively switch raw_tp link to use
deferred dealloc callback, as upcoming changes in bpf-next tree expose
raw_tp link data (specifically, cookie value) to BPF program at runtime
as well.

Fixes: 0dcac272 ("bpf: Add multi kprobe link")
Fixes: 89ae89f5

 ("bpf: Add multi uprobe link")
Reported-by:  <syzbot+981935d9485a560bfbcb@syzkaller.appspotmail.com>
Reported-by:  <syzbot+2cb5a6c573e98db598cc@syzkaller.appspotmail.com>
Reported-by:  <syzbot+62d8b26793e8a2bd0516@syzkaller.appspotmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrii Nakryiko <andrii@kernel.org>
Acked-by: Jiri Olsa <jolsa@kernel.org>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20240328052426.3042617-2-andrii@kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Alexei Starovoitov <ast@kernel.org>