efi_loader: Set variable attributes when EFI_BUFFER_TOO_SMALL is returned

Starting UEFI Spec 2.8 we must fill in the variable attributes when
GetVariable() returns EFI_BUFFER_TOO_SMALL and Attributes is non-NULL.

This code was written with 2.7 in mind so let's move the code around a
bit and fill in the attributes EFI_BUFFER_TOO_SMALL is returned

Signed-off-by: Ilias Apalodimas <ilias.apalodimas@linaro.org>
Reviewed-by: Heinrich Schuchardt <heinrich.schuchardt@canonical.com>