kbuild: consolidate Clang compiler flags

Collect basic Clang options such as --target, --prefix, --gcc-toolchain,
-no-integrated-as into a single variable CLANG_FLAGS so that it can be
easily reused in other parts of Makefile.

Signed-off-by: Masahiro Yamada <yamada.masahiro@socionext.com>
Reviewed-by: Nick Desaulniers <ndesaulniers@google.com>
Tested-by: Nick Desaulniers <ndesaulniers@google.com>
Acked-by: Greg Hackmann <ghackmann@google.com>