scsi: sd: Reorganize DIF/DIX code to avoid calling revalidate twice

During device discovery we ended up calling revalidate twice and thus
requested the same parameters multiple times. This was originally necessary
due to the request_queue and gendisk needing to be instantiated to
configure the block integrity profile.

Since this dependency no longer exists, reorganize the integrity probing
code so it can be run once at the end of discovery and drop the superfluous
revalidate call. Postponing the registration step involves splitting
sd_read_protection() into two functions, one to read the device protection
type and one to configure the mode of operation.

As part of this cleanup, make the printing code a bit less verbose.

Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20220302053559.32147-14-martin.petersen@oracle.com
Reviewed-by: Christoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de>
Reviewed-by: Johannes Thumshirn <johannes.thumshirn@wdc.com>
Signed-off-by: Martin K. Petersen <martin.petersen@oracle.com>