eeprom: at24: Tidy at24_read()

The elegant code in at24_read() has the drawback that we now need
to make a copy of all parameters to pass them to the post-processing
callback function if there is one. Rewrite the loop in such a way that
the parameters are not modified, so saving them is no longer needed.

Signed-off-by: Jean Delvare <jdelvare@suse.de>
Cc: Bartosz Golaszewski <bgolaszewski@baylibre.com>
Cc: Arnd Bergmann <arnd@arndb.de>
Cc: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Bartosz Golaszewski <bgolaszewski@baylibre.com>