rcu: Add functions to compare grace-period state values

This commit adds same_state_synchronize_rcu() and
same_state_synchronize_rcu_full() functions to compare grace-period state
values, for example, those obtained from get_state_synchronize_rcu()
and get_state_synchronize_rcu_full().  These functions allow small
structures to omit these state values by placing them in list headers for
lists containing structures with the same token value.  Presumably the
per-structure list pointers are the same ones used to link the structures
into whatever reader-accessible data structure was used.

This commit also adds both NUM_ACTIVE_RCU_POLL_OLDSTATE and
NUM_ACTIVE_RCU_POLL_FULL_OLDSTATE, which define the maximum number of
distinct unsigned long values and rcu_gp_oldstate values, respectively,
corresponding to not-yet-completed grace periods.  These values can be
used to size arrays of the list headers described above.

Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@kernel.org>