Commit 9ca019c1 authored by Andrea Bolognani's avatar Andrea Bolognani Committed by Gerd Hoffmann
Browse files

q35: Improve sample configuration files 



Instead of having a single sample configuration file,
we now have several:

  * q35-emulated.cfg documents the default devices QEMU
    adds to a q35 guest and the additional devices that
    are pretty much guaranteed to be present in a
    physical q35-based machine;

  * q35-virtio-graphical.cfg can be used to start a
    fully-featured (USB, graphical console, audio, etc.)
    guest that uses VirtIO instead of emulated devices;

  * q35-virtio-serial.cfg is similar but has a minimal
    set of devices and uses the serial console.

All configuration files are fully commented and neatly
organized.

Signed-off-by: default avatarAndrea Bolognani <abologna@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: default avatarMarcel Apfelbaum <marcel@redhat.com>
Message-id: 1487326479-8664-2-git-send-email-abologna@redhat.com
Signed-off-by: default avatarGerd Hoffmann <kraxel@redhat.com>
parent e7c83a88

docs/q35-chipset.cfg

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Original line number Diff line number Diff line 
################################################################

#

# qemu -M q35 creates a bare machine with just the very essential

# chipset devices being present:

#

#     00.0 - Host bridge

#     1f.0 - ISA bridge / LPC

#     1f.2 - SATA (AHCI) controller

#     1f.3 - SMBus controller

#

# This config file documents the other devices and how they are

# created.  You can simply use "-readconfig $thisfile" to create

# them all.  Here is a overview:

#

#     19.0 - Ethernet controller (not created, our e1000 emulation

#                                 doesn't emulate the ich9 device).

#     1a.* - USB Controller #2 (ehci + uhci companions)

#     1b.0 - HD Audio Controller

#     1c.* - PCI Express Ports

#     1d.* - USB Controller #1 (ehci + uhci companions,

#                               "qemu -M q35 -usb" creates these too)

#     1e.0 - PCI Bridge

#



[device "ich9-ehci-2"]

  driver = "ich9-usb-ehci2"

  multifunction = "on"

  bus = "pcie.0"

  addr = "1a.7"



[device "ich9-uhci-4"]

  driver = "ich9-usb-uhci4"

  multifunction = "on"

  bus = "pcie.0"

  addr = "1a.0"

  masterbus = "ich9-ehci-2.0"

  firstport = "0"



[device "ich9-uhci-5"]

  driver = "ich9-usb-uhci5"

  multifunction = "on"

  bus = "pcie.0"

  addr = "1a.1"

  masterbus = "ich9-ehci-2.0"

  firstport = "2"



[device "ich9-uhci-6"]

  driver = "ich9-usb-uhci6"

  multifunction = "on"

  bus = "pcie.0"

  addr = "1a.2"

  masterbus = "ich9-ehci-2.0"

  firstport = "4"





[device "ich9-hda-audio"]

  driver = "ich9-intel-hda"

  bus = "pcie.0"

  addr = "1b.0"





[device "ich9-pcie-port-1"]

  driver = "ioh3420"

  multifunction = "on"

  bus = "pcie.0"

  addr = "1c.0"

  port = "1"

  chassis = "1"



[device "ich9-pcie-port-2"]

  driver = "ioh3420"

  multifunction = "on"

  bus = "pcie.0"

  addr = "1c.1"

  port = "2"

  chassis = "2"



[device "ich9-pcie-port-3"]

  driver = "ioh3420"

  multifunction = "on"

  bus = "pcie.0"

  addr = "1c.2"

  port = "3"

  chassis = "3"



[device "ich9-pcie-port-4"]

  driver = "ioh3420"

  multifunction = "on"

  bus = "pcie.0"

  addr = "1c.3"

  port = "4"

  chassis = "4"



##

# Example PCIe switch with two downstream ports

#

#[device "pcie-switch-upstream-port-1"]

#  driver = "x3130-upstream"

#  bus = "ich9-pcie-port-4"

#  addr = "00.0"

#

#[device "pcie-switch-downstream-port-1-1"]

#  driver = "xio3130-downstream"

#  multifunction = "on"

#  bus = "pcie-switch-upstream-port-1"

#  addr = "00.0"

#  port = "1"

#  chassis = "5"

#

#[device "pcie-switch-downstream-port-1-2"]

#  driver = "xio3130-downstream"

#  multifunction = "on"

#  bus = "pcie-switch-upstream-port-1"

#  addr = "00.1"

#  port = "1"

#  chassis = "6"



[device "ich9-ehci-1"]

  driver = "ich9-usb-ehci1"

  multifunction = "on"

  bus = "pcie.0"

  addr = "1d.7"



[device "ich9-uhci-1"]

  driver = "ich9-usb-uhci1"

  multifunction = "on"

  bus = "pcie.0"

  addr = "1d.0"

  masterbus = "ich9-ehci-1.0"

  firstport = "0"



[device "ich9-uhci-2"]

  driver = "ich9-usb-uhci2"

  multifunction = "on"

  bus = "pcie.0"

  addr = "1d.1"

  masterbus = "ich9-ehci-1.0"

  firstport = "2"



[device "ich9-uhci-3"]

  driver = "ich9-usb-uhci3"

  multifunction = "on"

  bus = "pcie.0"

  addr = "1d.2"

  masterbus = "ich9-ehci-1.0"

  firstport = "4"





[device "ich9-pci-bridge"]

  driver = "i82801b11-bridge"

  bus = "pcie.0"

  addr = "1e.0"

docs/q35-emulated.cfg

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# q35 - Emulated guest (graphical console)

# =========================================================

#

# Usage:

#

#   $ qemu-system-x86_64 \

#     -nodefaults \

#     -readconfig q35-emulated.cfg

#

# You will probably need to tweak the lines marked as

# CHANGE ME before being able to use this configuration!

#

# The guest will have a selection of emulated devices that

# closely resembles that of a physical machine, and will be

# accessed through a graphical console.

#

# ---------------------------------------------------------

#

# Using -nodefaults is required to have full control over

# the virtual hardware: when it's specified, QEMU will

# populate the board with only the builtin peripherals

# plus a small selection of core PCI devices and

# controllers; the user will then have to explicitly add

# further devices.

#

# The core PCI devices show up in the guest as:

#

#   00:00.0 Host bridge

#   00:1f.0 ISA bridge / LPC

#   00:1f.2 SATA (AHCI) controller

#   00:1f.3 SMBus controller

#

# This configuration file adds a number of devices that

# are pretty much guaranteed to be present in every single

# physical machine based on q35, more specifically:

#

#   00:01.0 VGA compatible controller

#   00:19.0 Ethernet controller

#   00:1a.* USB controller (#2)

#   00:1b.0 Audio device

#   00:1c.* PCI bridge (PCI Express Root Ports)

#   00:1d.* USB Controller (#1)

#   00:1e.0 PCI bridge (legacy PCI bridge)

#

# More information about these devices is available below.





# Machine options

# =========================================================

#

# We use the q35 machine type and enable KVM acceleration

# for better performance.

#

# Using less than 1 GiB of memory is probably not going to

# yield good performance in the guest, and might even lead

# to obscure boot issues in some cases.

#

# Unfortunately, there is no way to configure the CPU model

# in this file, so it will have to be provided on the

# command line.



[machine]

  type = "q35"

  accel = "kvm"



[memory]

  size = "1024"





# PCI bridge (PCI Express Root Ports)

# =========================================================

#

# We add four PCI Express Root Ports, all sharing the same

# slot on the PCI Express  Root Bus. These ports support

# hotplug.



[device "ich9-pcie-port-1"]

  driver = "ioh3420"

  multifunction = "on"

  bus = "pcie.0"

  addr = "1c.0"

  port = "1"

  chassis = "1"



[device "ich9-pcie-port-2"]

  driver = "ioh3420"

  multifunction = "on"

  bus = "pcie.0"

  addr = "1c.1"

  port = "2"

  chassis = "2"



[device "ich9-pcie-port-3"]

  driver = "ioh3420"

  multifunction = "on"

  bus = "pcie.0"

  addr = "1c.2"

  port = "3"

  chassis = "3"



[device "ich9-pcie-port-4"]

  driver = "ioh3420"

  multifunction = "on"

  bus = "pcie.0"

  addr = "1c.3"

  port = "4"

  chassis = "4"





# PCI bridge (legacy PCI bridge)

# =========================================================

#

# This bridge can be used to build an independent topology

# for legacy PCI devices. PCI Express devices should be

# plugged into PCI Express slots instead, so ideally there

# will be no devices connected to this bridge.



[device "ich9-pci-bridge"]

  driver = "i82801b11-bridge"

  bus = "pcie.0"

  addr = "1e.0"





# SATA storage

# =========================================================

#

# An implicit SATA controller is created automatically for

# every single q35 guest; here we create a disk, backed by

# a qcow2 disk image on the host's filesystem, and attach

# it to that controller so that the guest can use it.

#

# We also create an optical disk, mostly for installation

# purposes: once the guest OS has been succesfully

# installed, the guest will no longer boot from optical

# media. If you don't want, or no longer want, to have an

# optical disk in the guest you can safely comment out

# all relevant sections below.



[device "sata-disk"]

  driver = "ide-hd"

  bus = "ide.0"

  drive = "disk"

  bootindex = "1"



[drive "disk"]

  file = "guest.qcow2"                          # CHANGE ME

  format = "qcow2"

  if = "none"



[device "sata-optical-disk"]

  driver = "ide-cd"

  bus = "ide.1"

  drive = "optical-disk"

  bootindex = "2"



[drive "optical-disk"]

  file = "install.iso"                          # CHANGE ME

  format = "raw"

  if = "none"





# USB controller (#1)

# =========================================================

#

# EHCI controller + UHCI companion controllers.



[device "ich9-ehci-1"]

  driver = "ich9-usb-ehci1"

  multifunction = "on"

  bus = "pcie.0"

  addr = "1d.7"



[device "ich9-uhci-1"]

  driver = "ich9-usb-uhci1"

  multifunction = "on"

  bus = "pcie.0"

  addr = "1d.0"

  masterbus = "ich9-ehci-1.0"

  firstport = "0"



[device "ich9-uhci-2"]

  driver = "ich9-usb-uhci2"

  multifunction = "on"

  bus = "pcie.0"

  addr = "1d.1"

  masterbus = "ich9-ehci-1.0"

  firstport = "2"



[device "ich9-uhci-3"]

  driver = "ich9-usb-uhci3"

  multifunction = "on"

  bus = "pcie.0"

  addr = "1d.2"

  masterbus = "ich9-ehci-1.0"

  firstport = "4"





# USB controller (#2)

# =========================================================

#

# EHCI controller + UHCI companion controllers.



[device "ich9-ehci-2"]

  driver = "ich9-usb-ehci2"

  multifunction = "on"

  bus = "pcie.0"

  addr = "1a.7"



[device "ich9-uhci-4"]

  driver = "ich9-usb-uhci4"

  multifunction = "on"

  bus = "pcie.0"

  addr = "1a.0"

  masterbus = "ich9-ehci-2.0"

  firstport = "0"



[device "ich9-uhci-5"]

  driver = "ich9-usb-uhci5"

  multifunction = "on"

  bus = "pcie.0"

  addr = "1a.1"

  masterbus = "ich9-ehci-2.0"

  firstport = "2"



[device "ich9-uhci-6"]

  driver = "ich9-usb-uhci6"

  multifunction = "on"

  bus = "pcie.0"

  addr = "1a.2"

  masterbus = "ich9-ehci-2.0"

  firstport = "4"





# Ethernet controller

# =========================================================

#

# We add a Gigabit Ethernet interface to the guest; on the

# host side, we take advantage of user networking so that

# the QEMU process doesn't require any additional

# privileges.



[netdev "hostnet"]

  type = "user"



[device "net"]

  driver = "e1000"

  netdev = "hostnet"

  bus = "pcie.0"

  addr = "19.0"





# VGA compatible controller

# =========================================================

#

# We use stdvga instead of Cirrus as it supports more video

# modes and is closer to what actual hardware looks like.

#

# If you're running the guest on a remote, potentially

# headless host, you will probably want to append something

# like

#

#   -display vnc=127.0.0.1:0

#

# to the command line in order to prevent QEMU from

# creating a graphical display window on the host and

# enable remote access instead.



[device "video"]

  driver = "VGA"

  bus = "pcie.0"

  addr = "01.0"





# Audio device

# =========================================================

#

# The sound card is a legacy PCI device that is plugged

# directly into the PCI Express Root Bus.



[device "ich9-hda-audio"]

  driver = "ich9-intel-hda"

  bus = "pcie.0"

  addr = "1b.0"



[device "ich9-hda-duplex"]

  driver = "hda-duplex"

  bus = "ich9-hda-audio.0"

  cad = "0"

docs/q35-virtio-graphical.cfg

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# q35 - VirtIO guest (graphical console)

# =========================================================

#

# Usage:

#

#   $ qemu-system-x86_64 \

#     -nodefaults \

#     -readconfig q35-virtio-graphical.cfg

#

# You will probably need to tweak the lines marked as

# CHANGE ME before being able to use this configuration!

#

# The guest will have a selection of VirtIO devices

# tailored towards optimal performance with modern guests,

# and will be accessed through a graphical console.

#

# ---------------------------------------------------------

#

# Using -nodefaults is required to have full control over

# the virtual hardware: when it's specified, QEMU will

# populate the board with only the builtin peripherals

# plus a small selection of core PCI devices and

# controllers; the user will then have to explicitly add

# further devices.

#

# The core PCI devices show up in the guest as:

#

#   00:00.0 Host bridge

#   00:1f.0 ISA bridge / LPC

#   00:1f.2 SATA (AHCI) controller

#   00:1f.3 SMBus controller

#

# This configuration file adds a number of other useful

# devices, more specifically:

#

#   00:01.0 VGA compatible controller

#   00:1b.0 Audio device

#   00.1c.* PCI bridge (PCI Express Root Ports)

#   01:00.0 SCSI storage controller

#   02:00.0 Ethernet controller

#   03:00.0 USB controller

#

# More information about these devices is available below.





# Machine options

# =========================================================

#

# We use the q35 machine type and enable KVM acceleration

# for better performance.

#

# Using less than 1 GiB of memory is probably not going to

# yield good performance in the guest, and might even lead

# to obscure boot issues in some cases.



[machine]

  type = "q35"

  accel = "kvm"



[memory]

  size = "1024"





# PCI bridge (PCI Express Root Ports)

# =========================================================

#

# We create eight PCI Express Root Ports, and we plug them

# all into separate functions of the same slot. Some of

# them will be used by devices, the rest will remain

# available for hotplug.



[device "pcie.1"]

  driver = "pcie-root-port"

  bus = "pcie.0"

  addr = "1c.0"

  port = "1"

  chassis = "1"

  multifunction = "on"



[device "pcie.2"]

  driver = "pcie-root-port"

  bus = "pcie.0"

  addr = "1c.1"

  port = "2"

  chassis = "2"



[device "pcie.3"]

  driver = "pcie-root-port"

  bus = "pcie.0"

  addr = "1c.2"

  port = "3"

  chassis = "3"



[device "pcie.4"]

  driver = "pcie-root-port"

  bus = "pcie.0"

  addr = "1c.3"

  port = "4"

  chassis = "4"



[device "pcie.5"]

  driver = "pcie-root-port"

  bus = "pcie.0"

  addr = "1c.4"

  port = "5"

  chassis = "5"



[device "pcie.6"]

  driver = "pcie-root-port"

  bus = "pcie.0"

  addr = "1c.5"

  port = "6"

  chassis = "6"



[device "pcie.7"]

  driver = "pcie-root-port"

  bus = "pcie.0"

  addr = "1c.6"

  port = "7"

  chassis = "7"



[device "pcie.8"]

  driver = "pcie-root-port"

  bus = "pcie.0"

  addr = "1c.7"

  port = "8"

  chassis = "8"





# SCSI storage controller (and storage)

# =========================================================

#

# We use virtio-scsi here so that we can (hot)plug a large

# number of disks without running into issues; a SCSI disk,

# backed by a qcow2 disk image on the host's filesystem, is

# attached to it.

#

# We also create an optical disk, mostly for installation

# purposes: once the guest OS has been succesfully

# installed, the guest will no longer boot from optical

# media. If you don't want, or no longer want, to have an

# optical disk in the guest you can safely comment out

# all relevant sections below.



[device "scsi"]

  driver = "virtio-scsi-pci"

  bus = "pcie.1"

  addr = "00.0"



[device "scsi-disk"]

  driver = "scsi-hd"

  bus = "scsi.0"

  drive = "disk"

  bootindex = "1"



[drive "disk"]

  file = "guest.qcow2"                          # CHANGE ME

  format = "qcow2"

  if = "none"



[device "scsi-optical-disk"]

  driver = "scsi-cd"

  bus = "scsi.0"

  drive = "optical-disk"

  bootindex = "2"



[drive "optical-disk"]

  file = "install.iso"                          # CHANGE ME

  format = "raw"

  if = "none"





# Ethernet controller

# =========================================================

#

# We use virtio-net for improved performance over emulated

# hardware; on the host side, we take advantage of user

# networking so that the QEMU process doesn't require any

# additional privileges.



[netdev "hostnet"]

  type = "user"



[device "net"]

  driver = "virtio-net-pci"

  netdev = "hostnet"

  bus = "pcie.2"

  addr = "00.0"





# USB controller (and input devices)

# =========================================================

#

# We add a virtualization-friendly USB 3.0 controller and

# a USB tablet so that graphical guests can be controlled

# appropriately. A USB keyboard is not needed, as q35

# guests get a PS/2 one added automatically.



[device "usb"]

  driver = "nec-usb-xhci"

  bus = "pcie.3"

  addr = "00.0"



[device "tablet"]

  driver = "usb-tablet"

  bus = "usb.0"





# VGA compatible controller

# =========================================================

#

# We plug the QXL video card directly into the PCI Express

# Root Bus as it is a legacy PCI device; this way, we can

# reduce the number of PCI Express controllers in the

# guest.

#

# If you're running the guest on a remote, potentially

# headless host, you will probably want to append something

# like

#

#   -display vnc=127.0.0.1:0

#

# to the command line in order to prevent QEMU from

# creating a graphical display window on the host and

# enable remote access instead.



[device "video"]

  driver = "qxl-vga"

  bus = "pcie.0"

  addr = "01.0"





# Audio device

# =========================================================

#

# Like the video card, the sound card is a legacy PCI

# device and as such can be plugged directly into the PCI

# Express Root Bus.



[device "sound"]

  driver = "ich9-intel-hda"

  bus = "pcie.0"

  addr = "1b.0"



[device "duplex"]

  driver = "hda-duplex"

  bus = "sound.0"

  cad = "0"

docs/q35-virtio-serial.cfg

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# q35 - VirtIO guest (serial console)

# =========================================================

#

# Usage:

#

#   $ qemu-system-x86_64 \

#     -nodefaults \

#     -readconfig q35-virtio-serial.cfg \

#     -display none -serial mon:stdio

#

# You will probably need to tweak the lines marked as

# CHANGE ME before being able to use this configuration!

#

# The guest will have a selection of VirtIO devices

# tailored towards optimal performance with modern guests,

# and will be accessed through the serial console.

#

# ---------------------------------------------------------

#

# Using -nodefaults is required to have full control over

# the virtual hardware: when it's specified, QEMU will

# populate the board with only the builtin peripherals

# plus a small selection of core PCI devices and

# controllers; the user will then have to explicitly add

# further devices.

#

# The core PCI devices show up in the guest as:

#

#   00:00.0 Host bridge

#   00:1f.0 ISA bridge / LPC

#   00:1f.2 SATA (AHCI) controller

#   00:1f.3 SMBus controller

#

# This configuration file adds a number of other useful

# devices, more specifically:

#

#   00.1c.* PCI bridge (PCI Express Root Ports)

#   01:00.0 SCSI storage controller

#   02:00.0 Ethernet controller

#

# More information about these devices is available below.

#

# We use '-display none' to prevent QEMU from creating a

# graphical display window, which would serve no use in

# this specific configuration, and '-serial mon:stdio' to

# multiplex the guest's serial console and the QEMU monitor

# to the host's stdio; use 'Ctrl+A h' to learn how to

# switch between the two and more.





# Machine options

# =========================================================

#

# We use the q35 machine type and enable KVM acceleration

# for better performance.

#

# Using less than 1 GiB of memory is probably not going to

# yield good performance in the guest, and might even lead

# to obscure boot issues in some cases.



[machine]

  type = "q35"

  accel = "kvm"



[memory]

  size = "1024"





# PCI bridge (PCI Express Root Ports)

# =========================================================

#

# We create eight PCI Express Root Ports, and we plug them

# all into separate functions of the same slot. Some of

# them will be used by devices, the rest will remain

# available for hotplug.



[device "pcie.1"]

  driver = "pcie-root-port"

  bus = "pcie.0"

  addr = "1c.0"

  port = "1"

  chassis = "1"

  multifunction = "on"



[device "pcie.2"]

  driver = "pcie-root-port"

  bus = "pcie.0"

  addr = "1c.1"

  port = "2"

  chassis = "2"



[device "pcie.3"]

  driver = "pcie-root-port"

  bus = "pcie.0"

  addr = "1c.2"

  port = "3"

  chassis = "3"



[device "pcie.4"]

  driver = "pcie-root-port"

  bus = "pcie.0"

  addr = "1c.3"

  port = "4"

  chassis = "4"



[device "pcie.5"]

  driver = "pcie-root-port"

  bus = "pcie.0"

  addr = "1c.4"

  port = "5"

  chassis = "5"



[device "pcie.6"]

  driver = "pcie-root-port"

  bus = "pcie.0"

  addr = "1c.5"

  port = "6"

  chassis = "6"



[device "pcie.7"]

  driver = "pcie-root-port"

  bus = "pcie.0"

  addr = "1c.6"

  port = "7"

  chassis = "7"



[device "pcie.8"]

  driver = "pcie-root-port"

  bus = "pcie.0"

  addr = "1c.7"

  port = "8"

  chassis = "8"





# SCSI storage controller (and storage)

# =========================================================

#

# We use virtio-scsi here so that we can (hot)plug a large

# number of disks without running into issues; a SCSI disk,

# backed by a qcow2 disk image on the host's filesystem, is

# attached to it.

#

# We also create an optical disk, mostly for installation

# purposes: once the guest OS has been succesfully

# installed, the guest will no longer boot from optical

# media. If you don't want, or no longer want, to have an

# optical disk in the guest you can safely comment out

# all relevant sections below.



[device "scsi"]

  driver = "virtio-scsi-pci"

  bus = "pcie.1"

  addr = "00.0"



[device "scsi-disk"]

  driver = "scsi-hd"

  bus = "scsi.0"

  drive = "disk"

  bootindex = "1"



[drive "disk"]

  file = "guest.qcow2"                          # CHANGE ME

  format = "qcow2"

  if = "none"



[device "scsi-optical-disk"]

  driver = "scsi-cd"

  bus = "scsi.0"

  drive = "optical-disk"

  bootindex = "2"



[drive "optical-disk"]

  file = "install.iso"                          # CHANGE ME

  format = "raw"

  if = "none"





# Ethernet controller

# =========================================================

#

# We use virtio-net for improved performance over emulated

# hardware; on the host side, we take advantage of user

# networking so that the QEMU process doesn't require any

# additional privileges.



[netdev "hostnet"]

  type = "user"



[device "net"]

  driver = "virtio-net-pci"

  netdev = "hostnet"

  bus = "pcie.2"

  addr = "00.0"